The Ethiopian Orthodox practice of wearing small icons suspended from the neck in cloth or leather bags seems to date to the second half of the 15th century. They were believed to protect against evil. Later, a pierced suspension cylinder, as on this icon, would make these personal icons a true pendant form. Double-sided pendants would become more common in the 17th and 18th centuries. While usually concealed by their protective wrappings, the pendant exteriors would be carved like this example or more simply painted. The subject matter and style of the images relates to the larger panel icons. Typically on the first side, Mary is shown in a blue shawl, holding the Christ child. Both make gestures of blessing and the child holds a rectangular object, perhaps a book. The inclusion of the archangels Michael and Gabriel, and the juxtaposition of Mary and St. George are traditional Ethiopian additions to the iconography. On the door panel, the equestrian figure is one of a series of young warrior saints in Ethiopian art that are generally identified by the color of the horse. A white horse usually signifies St. George.
The opposite side of the pendant depicts the Crucifixion with Mary and St. John, and the sun and the moon in the sky. The door panel is of Christ's ascent from purgatory with Adam and Eve.
Description:
Wood double sided pendant icon. Side A : Virgin Mary and Christ child, flanked by archangels with door panel of St. George and dragon. Side B: Crucifixion with Mary and St. John and door panel of Christ's ascent from purgatory with Adam and Eve.
Provenance:
Rod and Nancy E. MacDonald, acquired Ethiopia,1973/1975 to 2015
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