This collection documents the design, testing, production and promotion of the first zero-emission electric car produced by a major car company, the General Motors EV1. The materials include photographs, promotional booklets and marketing, press coverage, and publications, as well as design details and specifications, describing the process by which this ambitious and controversial vehicle was produced and released to the public in the mid- to late 1990s. This collection would be of interest to researchers in the areas of innovative design, automobile marketing, environmental initiatives, and the automotive industry.
Scope and Contents:
This collection contains materials relating to General Motors's development, promotion, and production of the EV1, the first commercially-available zero-emission electric vehicle, between 1990 and 2005. Included are design diagrams, photographs, and internal communication, but the vast majority of items are publicity materials such as press releases, newspaper and magazine coverage, and promotional material for auto shows.
Due to the nature of the donation (twenty-three separate donors from the original EV1 design team) there is some duplication of materials throughout the collection, though efforts were made to keep duplicates to a minimum.
Arrangement:
This collection is arranged into six series.
Series 1: Design, Testing, and Production Materials, 1991-1997
Series 2: Event Photographs, 1993-1994, 2000
Series 3: Press Coverage Materials,1991-2005
Series 4: Product Promotion Materials, 1990-2002
Series 5: Publications,1994, 1996-1999
Series 6: Post-Production Materials, 1999, 2002, 2004-2005
Biographical / Historical:
The General Motors EV1 is considered one of the most technologically advanced vehicles produced in the twentieth century and was the most energy-efficient car in the world at the time of its premiere. Manufactured for the consumer market by GM in 1997, EV1 featured many engineering innovations in aerodynamics, electric drive systems, electronic controls, and hydraulic braking, and was propelled by a rechargeable lead-acid battery pack, producing zero emissions. It was issued twenty-three patents for its advanced features, as well as winning several awards and competitions, including the electric vehicle world land speed record in 1994.
In early 1990, partly based on a boast by departing president of GM Roger Smith that electric vehicle technology was a reality, the state of California mandated that the major auto makers produce two percent of their vehicles emissions-free by 1998. Between 1990, when the barely-functional prototype car Impact debuted at the Los Angeles Auto Show, and 1994, when a fleet of fifty Impacts were premiered across the nation in the prEView Drive Program, a team of engineers worked on design, manufacture, and proof of concept vehicles that would eventually develop into the EV1: the first zero-emissions car to be released to consumers. The car's components were manufactured in several stages and locations: the assembly plant was in the Craft Centre in Lansing, Michigan; the motors were produced by Delco Remy in Anderson, Indiana; the battery pack, consisting of thirty-two 10-volt lead-acid batteries was produced by Delco Remy at their plant in Muncie, Indiana; and the power inverter and magnetic battery charger were constructed by Hughes Aircraft in Torrence, California.The finished car emitted zero pollutants, could accelerate from 0-60 mph in eight seconds, and had a range of eighty miles between charges. During 1995, the manufacturing process was refined, and the EV1 was announced in 1996 at both the Los Angeles and Detroit Auto Shows. The following year it became available to consumers through the Saturn division of GM marketing. However, due to concerns about parts and maintenance for the life of the car, GM only offered it on three-year lease programs, never for sale outright.
Though the EV1 did relatively well in the California and Arizona markets its first year, the 1999 EV1 Generation II showed a significant decline in consumer interest. The lease-only option was not appealing to many, and the limited range of the car, combined with a lack of publicly available charging stations, was a significant deterrent. Despite initial plans to expand the fleet of EVs by producing an S10 pickup truck with the new technology, and enthusiastic support from EV1's small but loyal customer base, GM stopped production on EVs altogether before the year 2000. When the last lease ran out in 2003, the fleet was recalled into storage, and except for a few that were donated to museums and universities for engineering programs and design study, the remaining EV1 vehicles were crushed and recycled in 2005.
The legacy of the EV1 remains in most of the hybrid fuel-electric vehicles and fuel-cell technology produced in the twenty-first century. It vaulted General Motors into the lead for development of advanced technology vehicles, beginning the long and ongoing effort to reduce US dependence on foreign oil as well as addressing the environmental issues caused by gasoline-powered engines.
Related Materials:
Related artifacts were donated to the Division of Work and Industry. See accession 2005.0061 and 2006.031-.034.
Provenance:
Collection donated in 2006 by Jill Banaszynski, General Motors Corporation; Patrick M. Bouchard, General Motors Corporation; Loran D. Brooks; Dan Brouns; Linda Ludek Brouns; Ray Buttacavoli; Laurel Castiglione, General Motors Corporation; Dennis H. Davis, General Motors Corporation; Robert E. DeGrandchamp; James N. Ellis; Hesham Ezzat, Marty M. Freedman, General Motors Corporation; Jamie Grover, Saturn Corporation; Steve M. Kunder, General Motors Corporation; Michael Kutcher, General Motors Corporation; Linda J. Lamar, General Motors Corporation; Kuen Leung, General Motors Corporation; Thomas M. Lobkovich; Joanne Mabrey, General Motors Corporation; Joseph F. Mercurio, General Motors Corporation; William L. Shepard, General Motors Corporation; Steven Tarnowsky; Lance Turner, General Motors Corporation.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
The records of the American Federation of Arts (AFA) provide researchers with a complete set of documentation focusing on the founding and history of the organization from its inception through the 1960s. The collection measures 79.8 linear feet, and dates from 1895 through 1993, although the bulk of the material falls between 1909 and 1969. Valuable for its coverage of twentieth-century American art history, the collection also provides researchers with fairly comprehensive documentation of the many exhibitions and programs supported and implemented by the AFA to promote and study contemporary American art, both nationally and abroad.
Scope and Content Note:
The records of the American Federation of Arts (AFA) provide researchers with a complete set of documentation focusing on the founding and history of the organization from its inception through the 1960s. The collection measures 79.8 linear feet, and dates from 1895 through 1993, although the bulk of the material falls between 1909 and 1969. Valuable for its coverage of twentieth-century American art history, the collection also provides researchers with fairly comprehensive documentation of the many exhibitions and programs supported and implemented by the AFA to promote and study contemporary American art, both nationally and abroad.
The earliest documentation from 1895 to 1909 concerns the organization's history and founding and is located in Series 1: Board of Trustees. Also found in this series are meeting minutes, 1909-1963 and 1968. Interfiled with the board meeting minutes are minutes of the executive committee and other special and ad hoc committees, reports to the board, financial statements and reports, and lists of committee appointments and board membership. This series also contains the scattered correspondence and subject files of various officers. Although not a complete set of officers' files, Presidents' Frederick Allen. Whiting (1931-1936), Lawrence M.C. Smith (1948-1952), Thomas Brown Rudd (1952-1954), Daniel Longwell (1954-1956), James S. Schramm (1956-1958), and Roy R. Neuberger (1958-1961) are represented. Leila Mechlin served on AFA's board as secretary from its founding to 1929, and her files are a particularly rich resource for AFA's activities during its early years. Lawrence M.C. Smith's files documenting his years as board treasurer are also arranged in this series. Additional officers' correspondence is interspersed throughout the Alphabetical Files and other series.
General information about the scope of AFA's programs, affiliations, founding, functions, and proceedings are arranged in Series 2: Administrative Records. The first subseries, Alphabetical Files, houses a wide variety of subject files that contain memoranda, correspondence, printed materials, lists, reports, and other papers. These files document the AFA's general history and founding, organizational affiliations, buildings and moves, grants, federal and state government art programs, auctions and other fund-raising efforts, publicity and public relations, publications, and fiftieth anniversary celebration. The subject headings by which these files are arranged are, for the most part, the ones designated by the AFA. The second subseries, Staff Records, houses the scattered files of AFA's director, assistant director, registrar, and special state representative, Robert Luck.
During its most active period, the AFA sponsored or participated in several special programs and Series 3: Special Programs houses the files that document many of them. The first subseries consists of the files for the Artists in Residence program that was funded by the Ford Foundation. Awarded in 1963, the grant sponsored short-term teaching residencies for artists in museums throughout the United States. The host museums were encouraged to hold exhibitions of the artists' works. This subseries contains both the general files of the program, as well as individual files on the participating artists. During the late 1950s and early 1960s, the AFA and the Ford Foundation also sponsored additional programs for artists, including Grants in Aid, Purchase Awards, and the Retrospective Exhibitions Program. The files documenting these three programs are also arranged in Series 3, under the subseries Ford Foundation Program for Visual Artists. In the late 1950s, the AFA implemented the Museum Donor Program with benefactors and philanthropists Audrey Bruce Currier and Stephen Richard Currier. Through the administration of the AFA, the Curriers donated funds to selected institutions specifically for the purchase of contemporary American art. The Curriers preferred to remain anonymous throughout the program. Files documenting this program include correspondence, applications from the accepted institutions, rejections, a summary report, and clippings about the untimely deaths of Mr. and Mrs. Currier in 1967.
Also found in Series 3 are the files documenting AFAs working relationship with the first state arts council, the New York State Council on the Arts (NYSCA). In 1961, AFA and NYSCA implemented a traveling exhibition program in New York State. Found here are files for possible itineraries, proposals, publicity, loans, budgets, and the actual exhibition files. Additional AFA special programs documented in Series 3 include the Picture of the Month program of the mid-1950s and the Jean Tennyson Foundation Color Slide Lecture Program.
AFA Annual Convention files constitute Series 4. Beginning with the Third Annual Convention in 1912 and continuing through the 1963 Annual Convention, the files contain official proceedings, speeches, programs, clippings, correspondence, and press releases. Files are missing for 1913, 1915, 1918, 1922, 1923, 1925, 1926, 1931, 1936-1949, 1952, 1956, 1958, 1960, and 1962. There are also audio recordings in the form of reel-to-reel tapes for the 1951 Annual Convention.
Series 5: Exhibition Files forms the bulk of the collection at circa 62 linear feet and is arranged into twenty subseries. The first subseries, Exhibitions, General, houses primarily the records of the Board of Trustees Exhibition Committee and documents the AFA's earliest involvement with traveling exhibitions. These files contain reports, budgets, correspondence, memoranda, scattered exhibition catalogs, and photographs. They are primarily the files of the chair of the Exhibition Committee and include the files of Juliana R. Force, Eloise Spaeth, and Mrs. John Pope. Also found in this series is a subseries of Mrs. John Pope's records documenting circulating exhibitions from 1934 to 1955, arranged by state.
The remaining nineteen subseries of the Exhibition Files reflect either specific exhibition programs, many of which have unique numbers assigned by AFA to individual exhibitions, or other exhibition-related files, such rejected, canceled, and suggested exhibitions and miscellaneous installation photographs. The Annual Exhibitions files constitute the largest of the subseries and are numbered according to the system assigned by AFA, following a typical chronological order. Although the documentation for each exhibition varies widely by both type and amount, most of the files contain contracts and legal agreements, correspondence, memoranda, itinerary information, condition reports, publicity materials, catalogs, announcements, price lists, and other such information arranged into one or more files. The files were labeled "documentation files," "dispersal files," "report form files," "loan agreement files," and "publicity files" according to the filing system devised by AFA. Many of the files also house a significant amount of correspondence with museum officials, lenders, and artists.
Additional subseries document AFA's exhibition venues and partnerships with the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the New York State Council on the [UNK] Life magazine, and Addison Gallery. A complete list of all of the subseries, including specific exhibition programs, follows in the Series Outline.
The final three series of the collection are small: Printed Material, Miscellaneous Files, and Oversized Material. The printed material was donated much later to the Archives and dates from 1990 to 1993. Found here are scattered press releases, annual reports, and an exhibition program. Miscellaneous Files contain scattered records, 1926-1962, of the Architectural League of New York relating to national award programs. It is not clear why this small group of Architectural League records was found mixed with the AFA records but perhaps the collaboration between the two organizations on several special projects provides an explanation. Also found in Miscellaneous Files is a group of black and white lantern slides from a lecture series, "New Horizons in America." Oversized Material includes a portfolio, a work of art, and posters.
See Appendix for a list of artists exhibiting with the American Federation of Arts
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into eight primary series based primarily on administrative units or program areas. Several of the series are further subdivided into subseries. While processing, it became clear that the two filing systems were redundant and overlapped in both subject area and type of material. Most of these files were subsequently merged into the now broader Alphabetical Files or into separate series. Oversized material may be found at the end of the collection arranged in a separate series.
In most cases, files related to one another by subseries or subject areas (in the case of the Alphabetical Files) or by individual name (in the case of officers and staff files) are arranged in chronological order. The entire subseries of Alphabetical Files in Series 2 is arranged by subject heading, as assigned by the AFA, or individual name. The Alphabetical Files originally formed two broad filing systems as established by the AFA: one for general correspondence arranged by subject; and one for director's and other staff correspondence, also arranged by subject.
Series 1: Board of Trustees, circa 1895-1968 (Boxes 1-3)
Series 2: Administrative Records, 1910-1966 (Boxes 4-8)
Series 3: Special Programs, 1950-1967 (Boxes 9-13)
Series 4: Annual Conventions, 1912-1963 (Boxes 14-16)
Series 5: Exhibition Files, 1934-1969 (Boxes 17-78)
Series 6: Printed Material, 1990-1993 (Box 78)
Series 7: Miscellaneous Files, 1926-1962, undated (Box 79)
Series 8: Oversized Materials, 1890, undated (Boxes 80-85)
Historical Note:
Founded in 1909 by Elihu Root, the American Federation of Arts (AFA) exists today as a national nonprofit museum service organization striving to unite American art institutions, collectors, artists, and museums. Elihu Root, then secretary of state in the administration of Theodore Roosevelt, spoke of his idea at the first meeting of the AFA held in New York at the National Academy of Arts. He envisioned an organization that would promote American art most often seen only by the elite in the major cities of the East and upper Midwest by sending "exhibitions of original works of art on tour through the hinterlands across the United States."
The American Academy in Rome, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Art Institute of Chicago, and Metropolitan Museum of Art were influential organizing member institutions. Individual members included such notables as William Merritt Chase, Charles L. Freer, Daniel C. French, Charles L. Hutchinson, Henry Cabot Lodge, J.P. Morgan, and Henry Walters. The founding of the AFA provided the American art world with a forum for communication and participation among artists, cultural institutions, patrons of the arts, and the public.
To accomplish its mission, the AFA established volunteer committees for membership, exhibitions, and publications. During its first year, the AFA began publishing Art and Progress (later changed to Magazine of Art) and the American Art Annual (now the American Art Directory). In 1909, the AFA also organized its first traveling exhibition, Paintings by Prominent American Artists, which was shown at museums in Fort Worth, New Orleans, Minneapolis, and New Ulm, Minnesota.
By the end of the first year, the headquarters of the organization moved to Washington, D.C., to facilitate lobbying the federal government for favorable art legislation. In 1913, the AFA lobbied successfully for the removal of the tariff on foreign art entering the United States. In 1916, the Federation met with the Interstate Commerce Commission to protest prohibitively high interstate taxes on traveling art exhibitions.
Throughout the next fifteen years, the AFA continued to grow in membership and influence. By 1919, membership included 438 institutions and 2,900 individuals. The AFA's annual conventions were held in major national art centers and were attended by members, chapter delegates, and the public. At the conventions, scholars, patrons, and curators lectured on and discussed subjects of national interest, thereby fostering an exchange of ideas. The AFA also sponsored periodic regional conferences to promote institutional cooperation and to discuss mutual problems and needs. To facilitate exhibition venues west of the Mississippi River, in 1921 the AFA opened regional offices at the University of Nebraska and at Stanford University. The AFA produced and circulated slide programs and lecture series to museums and educational institutions that fostered art education. By 1929, the Federation had developed forty-six slide-lecture programs that covered American mural painting, European and American contemporary art, and textiles.
During the 1930s, the Federation expanded its services by providing schools with teaching guides, student workbooks, slides, and films about art. In 1935, the AFA began publishing Who's Who in American Art, later publishing The Official Directory of Illustrators and Advertising Artists and Films on Art reference guides. To reach an even larger audience, the AFA began collaborating with the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York to organize national circulating exhibitions to "bring the museum to the people."
One of AFA's priorities was to make American art more visible abroad. The Federation focused on encouraging the representation of American artists in foreign exhibitions, and in 1924 it lobbied successfully for additional American participation in the Venice Biennale. The AFA's focus on exhibiting American art abroad continued to expand, particularly following World War II. In 1950, recognizing that the AFA could assist in promoting American culture, the State Department awarded the AFA a grant for a German "re-orientation program" consisting of educational exhibitions shown in German museums. Additional government funding further enabled the AFA to organize American participation in exhibitions in India, Japan, Paris, Switzerland, and Rotterdam between 1950 and 1970. Later, the AFA collaborated with the United States Information Agency (USIA) to create the Overseas Museum Donor Program which permitted donations of American art to foreign institutions on a restriction-free, tax-deductible basis. During the 1950s, the AFA was a very active member of the Committee on Government and Art, a national committee with members from across the art and museum world concerned with government sponsorship of and legislation affecting art sales, commissions, and trade.
In 1952, the headquarters of the AFA returned to New York, sparking a period of innovation and expanded of programs. Throughout the 1950s, the AFA distributed films about art and co-sponsored the Films on Art Festival in Woodstock, New York. The AFA also introduced its Picture of the Month Program in 1954, renting original works of art to small American art and educational institutions. In 1956, the AFA organized the Art Collectors Club of America to provide fellowship for art collectors through meetings and activities. The club disbanded in the 1970s.
The Federation's exhibition programs continued to flourish during the 1950s and 1960s. Private and public financial support allowed the AFA to achieve many of its goals. In 1958, the Ford Foundation awarded an important grant to organize a series of traveling one-person shows and a series of monographs devoted to contemporary American artists. Milton Avery, Andrew Dasburg, José DeCreeft, Lee Gatch, Walter Quirt, Abraham Rattner, and others were among the artists who participated. Private foundation support for the AFA's Museum Donor Program provided an annual allowance that was distributed to regional museums for the pourchase of contemporary American art. Cooperative programs and joint venues also became popular during this period. For example, public support from the New York State Council on the Arts allowed the AFA to circulate exhibitions to small New York State communities, and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts provided the AFA with five exhibitions for national tours.
Throughout its history, the American Federation of Arts has concentrated on its founding principle of broadening the audience for contemporary American art. Through its numerous exhibition and film programs, the AFA has succeeded in "breaking down barriers of distance and language to broaden the knowledge and appreciation of art." Annual exhibitions such as New Talent in the USA and Art Schools USA, organized by the AFA, brought before the public the most contemporary American artists and craftspeople, genres, and artistic forms of experimentation, exposing viewers to new ways of thinking and expression. In 1965, AFA produced The Curriculum in Visual Education, a series of films created to heighten the aesthetic awareness of children.
A vital part of American art history, the AFA was one of the first organizations to develop successfully the concept of traveling art exhibitions on a national and international level. The AFA was instrumental in assisting museums with circulating important juried exhibitions of contemporary art, such as the Whitney Annual and Corcoran Biennial. The AFA also recognized the importance of the exchange of cultural ideas, and it brought exhibitions of the European masters to the American public as well as exhibitions focusing on foreign contempoorary art, photography, and architecture. Many organizations and museums have followed the AFA's precedent, and traveling national and international venues are now commonplace.
Since 1909, women have served as officers and members of the Board of Trustees. Leila Mechlin was a founding participant and served as secretary from 1909 to 1933. Juliana R. Force and Eloise Spaeth both chaired the Exhibition Committee in the late 1940s. Women and artists of diverse backgrounds and nationalities were widely represented in the AFA's exhibition programs, most notably during the 1960s. In 1960, the AFA organized, with financial support from the Ford Foundation, a major Jacob Lawrence retrospective. Additional culturally diverse exhibitions included Contemporary Jewish Ceremonial Art (1961), The Heart of India (1962), 1,000 Years of American Indian Art (1963), and Ten Negro Artists from the United States (1966).
The AFA also had an impact on patronage in the arts. AFA exhibitions of contemporary art provided collectors with knowledge of new artists and avant-garde art forms, creating a broader demand and market for this type of work. Museums and collectors began purchasing work by new or obscure American artists whom they learned about through AFA exhibitions and programs.
The historical records of the American Federation of Arts offer the researcher a unique opportunity to study the development of American art and artists in the twentieth century as well as providing insight into trends in American culture.
Missing Title
1909 -- Founded in New York City. Began publishing Art and Progress (later retitled Magazine of Art) and the American Art Annual.
1910 -- Moved headquarters to Washington, D.C.
1913 -- Lobbied successfully for the removal of the tariff on art entering the United States.
1915-1916 -- Lobbied successfully against the Cummins Amendment and the Interstate Commerce Commission's prohibitively high interstate tax on traveling art.
1920 -- Organized a lobbying campaign for the development of a national gallery of art at its national convention.
1921 -- Opened two new offices at the University of Nebraska and at Stanford University.
1924 -- Arranged American participation in the Venice Biennale exhibition.
1927 -- Closed office at Stanford University.
1929 -- Organized American participation in exhibitions in France and Germany.
1933 -- Closed office at the University of Nebraska.
1935 -- Began publishing Who's Who in American Art.
1948 -- Published The Official Directory of Illustrators and Advertising Artists.
1949 -- Collaborated with the Metropolitan Museum of Art to circulate exhibitions from its collections.
1950 -- Participated in the U.S. government's German re-orientation program.
1951 -- Joined forces with the United States Information Agency (USIA) to create the Overseas Museum Donor Program. Published the reference guide Films on Art. Co-sponsored the Films on Art Festival in Woodstock, New York, through 1957.
1952 -- Moved headquarters to New York City.
1953 -- Magazine of Art liquidated.
1954 -- Introduced the Picture of the Month Program.
1956 -- Founded the Art Collectors Club of America.
1958 -- Received a Ford Foundation grant to finance a series of one-person shows of contemporary American artists.
1960 -- Created the Museum Donor Program.
1961 -- Received a grant from the New York State Council on the Arts to circulate exhibitions to small New York state communities.
1963 -- Received a grant from the Ford Foundation for the Artists in Residence program.
1964 -- Introduced the List Art Poster Program.
1965 -- Produced The Curriculum in Visual Education, a series of films that attempted to heighten the aesthetic awareness of children.
Appendix: List of Artists Exhibiting with American Federation of Arts:
The following is an alphabetical list of artists who exhibited with the American Federation of Arts; many are obscure. The alpha-numeric codes and numbers appearing with the artist's name represent specific AFA exhibition programs and, most often, AFA's exhibition numbering system. In cases where the AFA did not assign an exhibition number, Archives' staff have done so.
The primary reference source for the names and name variants is the American Federation of Arts Records. The names are documented in handwritten notes and lists, typed lists, and exhibition catalogs and announcements. The Archives of American Art name authority file was also consulted in questionable cases. The majority of names, however, were not found in either the AAA name authority file or standard bibliographic resources, and only in the AFA records.
Examples:
55-1: AFA annual exhibitions program
AD-1: Addison Gallery exhibitions
L-1: Life Magazine Exhibitions
ME-1: Misceallaneous exhibitions (numbers assigned by AAA staff)
NMA-1: Metropolitan Museum of Art exhibitions
NE-96: Contemporary Color Lithography
NY-1: New York State Council on the Arts exhibitions
VA-1: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts exhibitions
Missing Title
A. Quincy Jones, Frederick E. Emmons & Assoc: 62-34
The records of the American Federation of Arts (AFA) were donated to the Archives of American Art (AAA) over a thirteen-year period, with the bulk of the material arriving between 1964 and 1966. In 1979, Preston Bolton donated his letters and those from John de Menil, Ann Drevet, Lee Malone, and others regarding planning for the 1957 AFA annual convention held in Houston, Texas; convention committee minutes from 1956; and AFA newsletters. This material, as well as a 1979 gift from Louise Ferrari of transcripts from a panel discussion from the 1957 AFA convention in Houston, was microfilmed on AAA Reel 1780. All material previously microfilmed on Reel 1780 has been fully integrated into the collection and arranged within proper series and subseries. The provenance of the 1990-1993 printed material is unknown.
Restrictions:
Use requires an appointment.
Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Jill Mulleady, Uruguayan-Swiss, b. Montevideo, Uruguay, 1980 Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
46 × 30 × 3/4 in. (116.8 × 76.2 × 1.9 cm)
Type:
Painting
Date:
2017
Credit Line:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, Museum purchase with funds provided by The Basil Alkazzi Purchase Fund, 2020
Files consist of Henry-Russell Hitchcock's personal and professional correspondence, as well as subject files relating to academic research, teaching, curatorial interests, and professional associations. Subject files are comprised mainly of correspondence and printed material, with a small number of photographs that mostly relate to exhibitions and writings. After 1932, copies of Hitchcock's outgoing letters are almost always included, making the files from 1932-1987 almost complete.
The correspondence includes large numbers of letters from prominent architectural historians, architects, artists, preservationists, museum directors and curators. Also included is correspondence with students, friends, relatives, publishers, and representatives of organizations and institutions.
Among the correspondents of note are: Bernard Berenson, Eugene Berman, Leonid Berman, Lyonel Feininger, Brendan Gill, Robert Goldwater, George Howe, Lincoln Kirstein, J. J. P. Oud, Erwin Panofsky, Kingsley Porter, Paul J. Sachs, R. M. Schindler, Theodore Sizer, E. Baldwin Smith, Peter van der Meulen Smith, James Soby, Victor Spark, Harold Sterner, John Summerson, Virgil Thomson, Paul Vanderbilt, Theo Van Doesburg, Helmut von Erffa, and Gordon Washburn. Other important correspondents represented in a decade or more of correspondence include: Jere Abbott, Winslow Ames, Everett A. (Chick) Austin, Alfred H. Barr, Agnes Rindge Claflin, John Coddington, Walter Cook, John Coolidge, Henry (Harry) Sayles Francis, George Heard Hamilton, Ada Louise Huxtable, Philip C. Johnson, William Jordy, George N. Kates, Edgar Kauffmann, Jr., Richard Krautheimer, Phyllis W. Lehmann, Thomas J. McCormick, Agnes Mongan, Lewis Mumford, Nikolaus Pevsner, A. Kinglsey Porter, Willebald Sauerlander, Vincent Scully, Helen Searing, James Thrall Soby, Dorothy Stroud, John Summerson, Virgil Thomson, Emily Tremaine, Paul Vanderbilt, Rudolph Wittkower, and Frank Lloyd Wright.
See Appendix for a list of individuals, organizations, and subjects in Series 2
Arrangement note:
Files are arranged with a single alphabet for each year.
Appendix: Individuals, Organizations, and Subjects in Series 2:
Below is an index to individuals, institutions, organizations, and a small number of subject files, found in Series 2: Alphabetical Files. The index indicates the name and the alphabet year(s) in which each can be found.
Hitchcock did not follow strict alphabetical schema when organizing his files and filing eccentricities for the letters D, M, N, and V are explained below. The original arrangement has been left in place due to the difficulties and time involved in re-arranging the material within multiple alphabets.
Note on filing order for D's: Names beginning with the prefix "de" (e.g. De Cordova) are all filed before names beginning with the letters "de" e.g. Deerfield Academy.
Note on filing order for M's: Names beginning with the prefix "Mac" and "Mc" are all filed after names beginning with Ma. They are interfiled according to the first and subsequent letters following the prefix e.g. McIntyre, Mackay, McKean, MacLaren.
Note on filing order for N's: Proper names beginning with the word "new" (e.g. New American Library) are all filed before names incorporating the syllable "new" e.g. Newark Public Library.
Note on filing order for V's: Names beginning with the prefix "van" (e.g. Van Derpool) are all filed before names beginning with the syllable "van" e.g. Vancouver Hotel.
Ackerman, James S. (1948, 1952-1955, 1960, 1964, 1966)
Ackworth, Angus (1945)
Adams, Anthony (1960)
Adams, Florence B. (1948)
Adams, Frances S. (1965)
Adams, Frederick (1949)
Adams, Henry (1974)
Adams, Nicholas (1976-1978)
Adams, Philip R. (1952)
Addis, Reid M. (1974-1975)
Addison Gallery of American Art (1953-1954)
Addison, John (1982, 1984)
Adler, David (1928)
Agtmaal, J. G. van (1958)
African Studies, International Congress of (1978)
Ahda Artzt Gallery (1964)
Air Ministry (1946)
Aitken, Dott and Son (1946-1947)
Akron (1948)
Alabama Polytechnic Institute (1955)
Aladdin Office Services (1957)
Albany Institute of History and Art (1966, 1969)
Albers, Joseph (1946)
Albrecht, Otto (1927)
Albright Art Gallery (1947)
Albright-Knox Art Gallery (1962)
Aldrich, Frances T. (1948)
Alexander, Robert L. (1951, 1956-1958, 1960-1961, 1963-1965, 1967-1968, 1975-1977, 1986)
Alexander, Dr. and Mrs. Samuel Allen (1958)
Alexander, William (1968)
Alfa (1958)
Alfieri, Bruno (1959, 1964-1965, 1968-1969)
Alfonsin, Anthony (1983)
Alford, John (1946, 1955)
Alford, Roberta (1961)
Alinari (1958)
Allen, Mr. and Mrs. Eliot D. (1953)
Allen, F. P. (1961)
Allen, W.G. Russell (1945, 1947, 1952-1953, 1956)
Allen and Unvin, Ltd. (1978, 1980)
Allert de Lange, C. V. (1956)
Allison, George E. (1948)
Allstate Insurance (1948)
Altree, Guy (1975)
Altschul, Frank (1952)
Alumnae Association [Smith College] (1952) ( -- see also -- : Smith College Alumnae Association)
Ambassadeurs Club (1946)
America-Italy Society (1958)
American Academy in Rome (1950, 1958-1959, 1983)
American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1953-1954, 1957-1958, 1961-1963, 1965, 1970, 1973, 1976, 1981)
American Antiquarian Society (1935, 1939, 1947, 1952, 1955)
American Architectural Books (1937, 1945, 1961)
American Association for State and Local History (1963)
American Association of Architectural Bibliographers (1958-1959, 1961, 1963-1964, 1966, 1970)
American Association of Museums (1952, 1955, 1962)
American Association of Schools of Architecture (1982)
American Association of University Professors (1948, 1981-1982)
American Association of University Women (1948, 1958)
American Automobile Association (1962)
American Collector -- (1947)
American Committee on Renaissance Studies (1954)
American Council of Learned Societies (1950, 1961, 1963, 1980)
American Embassy, London (1962)
American Express (1952, 1955)
American Federation of Arts (1942, 1947-1948, 1952, 1955, 1958, 1962, 1974)
American Friends Service Committee (1951)
American Historical Association (1942)
American Historical Review -- (1943, 1952)
American Institute of Architects (1942, 1945, 1948, 1950, 1952-1955, 1957, 1959, 1961-1962, 1964, 1969-1970, 1972-1973, 1978, 1980)
American Institute of Planners (1945)
American Life Foundation (1972)
American Museum in Britain (1961)
American National Theatre and Academy (1952)
American Peoples Encyclopedia -- (1953)
American Philosophical Society (1943)
American Quarterly -- (1949, 1952-1953, 1955)
American Science and History Preservation Society (1981)
American Scholar -- (1948, 1982)
American Society of Architectural Historians (1945-1947)
American Society of Planners and Architects (1946)
American State Capitols Research Project, Victorian Society in America ( -- see -- : Victorian Society in America, American State Capitols Research Project)
Burnham Library, Art Institute of Chicago (1945, 1971) ( -- see also -- : Ryerson and Burnham Libraries; Art Institute of Chicago; Chicago, Art Institute of)
Burns, Howard (1968)
Burns, John (1952, 1983)
Burroughs, T.H.B. (1967)
Burton, Christopher (1963)
Burton, Emily (1952)
Burton, Michael (1953, 1956)
Bush, Lucile (1965)
Bush, Martin H. (1963)
Bush-Brown, Albert (1952, 1956-1958, 1977)
Bush-Brown, Harold (1954, 1965)
Butler, Jeanne F. (1972)
Butler, L. D. (1967)
Butler, Ruth (1957)
Butterfield, Victor (1945, 1947)
Butterick, George F. (1978)
Cabral, Edward (1980)
Cadbury-Brown, John (1955)
Cadbury-Brown, H. T. (Jim) (1956, 1958)
Cahill, Fred V. (1957)
Cahn, Elizabeth (1977)
Calder, Sandy (1938, 1955-1956)
Caldwell, Ian (1975-1976)
Calendars (see: B.1955)
California (1965)
California Institute of Technology (1948-1949)
California Palace of the Legion of Honor (1950)
California, San Jose State University (1979)
California, University of (1951-1952, 1961, 1964, 1966-1967, 1971, 1973, 1976, 1980)
Callisen, Sterling A. (1941)
Callisen, Sterling A. and Sally (1945)
Cambridge [Mass.] Historical Society (1967)
Cambridge University (1962, 1964, 1966)
Campagnie Francaise d'Aeronautiques (1956)
Campanella, Gaspare (1970)
Campbell, Colin G. (1978)
Campbell, Malcolm (1975)
Canada, Atomic Energy Commission of (1973)
Canada Council (1971)
Canada, National Archives of (1956)
Canada, National Gallery of (1926, 1960)
Canada, Royal Architectural Institute of (1960)
Canfield, Abigail and Cass (1975)
Canner and Co. (1949)
Caples, Sara Elizabeth (1969-1970)
Car (European) (1965)
Car (1966)
Cardiff Public Library (1946)
Carey, Jane F. (1973)
Carey T. (1973)
Carlhian, Jean Paul (1952-1953, 1966, 1971, 1973)
Carling, E .B. (1947-1948)
Carlisle, Anna (1956)
Carlson, Ralph (1979)
Carnegie Book Shop (1952)
Carnegie Institute (1955, 1985)
Carnegie Institute of Technology (1947, 1954)
Carpenter, G. R. (1946)
Carpenters Company of Philadelphia (1973)
Carr, Gerald (1968)
Carre Gallerie (1947-1949)
Carrington, Robert (1953, 1970)
Carroll, Martha 1975
Carrott, Richard G. (1955-1956, 1959-1963, 1965, 1967-1969, 1971-1979, 1981-1986)
Carter, Amon E. (1960)
Carter Foundation (1961)
Carter, Lady Bonham (1956)
Carter, Edward C. (Bobby) (1926, 1944-1948, 1960)
Carter, Ernestine (1947, 1952, 1962-1963, 1968, 1978-1979, 1983) ( -- see also -- : Carter, John and Ernestine)
Carter, Gwendolyn (1952)
Carter, John 1941, (1946, 1948, 1952, 1954, 1959)
Carter, John and Ernestine (1936, 1945) ( -- see also -- : Carter, Ernestine)
Carter, Norman F. (1952, 1954, 1959)
Casabella-Continuita (1961, 1965)
Casanelles, Enric (1959)
Cascieri, Arcangelo (1954)
Case Western Reserve University (1972-1973)
Cassidy, Victor M. (1974)
Cassilly, Carolyn (1974)
Casson, Hugh (1948, 1955)
Cassy, Edmund J. (1964)
Cast Iron Architecture, Friends of (1970, 1973-1974)
Castano Galleries (1963)
Castro, Dicken (1955-1957, 1960-1961)
Catholic University of America (1963)
Catlin, Stanton L. (1952, 1956)
Catsoulis, Evangelos (1981, 1983)
Causey, Andrew (1983)
Cavanagh, Tom R. (1949)
Cement and Concrete Association (1954)
Center for Inter-American Relations (1969)
Central Corporate Library (1960)
Central Council for the Care of Churches (1955)
Central National Bank of Middletown (1946)
Central Office of Information (1955-1956)
Centrum (1963)
Century Association (1972-1973, 1975-1977, 1979-1980, 1982, 1984)
Chelmsford and District Chapter, Society of Architects (1962)
Cheltham, Charles (1962, 1964)
Chermayeff, Serge (1939, 1946-1948, 1950, 1954)
Chernow, Barbara (1982)
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Co. (1948)
Chevojon Freres (1956, 1958)
Chicago Architectural Landmarks, Commission on (1964)
Chicago Architectural Photographing Co. (1956, 1958, 1966)
Chicago, Art Institute of (1937, 1944, 1945, 1951, 1960, 1978) ( -- see also -- : Art Institute of Chicago; Burnham Library Ryerson; Burnham Libraries)
Chicago, Arts Club of (1951-1952)
Chicago Committee on Architectural Landmarks (1960)
Chicago Historical and Architectural Landmarks, Commission on (1969-1970, 1973, 1975)
Chicago School of Architecture Foundation (1967)
Chicago, University of (1947, 1953, 1957, 1961-1962, 1973, 1986) ( -- see also -- : University of Chicago)
Chickering, A. H. (1954)
Childs, Charles D. (1951-1952, 1955)
Childs, Maurice F. (1952, 1955)
Chittenden, A. J. (1947)
Christian Science Monitor -- (1948)
Christiansen, Erwin O. (1946)
Christmas Cards (1952, 1983, undated)
Church, Robert M. (1951-1952, 1954-1955)
Churchill, Agnes (1948)
Cincinnati (1969)
Cincinnati Art Museum (1955-1956, 1960-1961)
Cincinnati Astronomical Society (1935)
Cincinnati Modern Art Society (1948)
Cincinnati, University of (1966)
Cistercian Order (1958)
City Art Museum of St. Louis ( -- see -- : St. Louis, City Art Museum of)
City University of New York (1970, 1974-1976, 1978)
City [of Springfield, Mass.] Library Association (1954)
Ciucci, Giorgio (1970)
Claflin, Agnes Rindge (1948-1949, 1952, 1956, 1959, 1961, 1966, 1973, 1977-1978) ( -- see also -- : Rindge, Agnes)
Clapp, Verner W. (1953)
Clark Art Institute (1973, 1986)
Clark, G. R. (1946)
Clark, James (1973)
Clark, Orton Loring (1952)
Clark, Robert J. (1960, 1963-1971, 1974-1975, 1980)
Clark, Ronald W. (1956)
Clark, Susan (1975)
Clark, Willene B. (1976)
Clarke, M. L. (1962)
Clarke, Marian (1947-1948, 1950)
Clarke, Peter (1946)
Clausen, Meredith (1987)
Clayton, B. D. (1971-1972)
Clayton, Barry (1965)
Clerehan, Neil (1953)
Clews, Mrs. Henry (1955)
Clifton-Raymond Associates (1968)
Clifton-Taylor, Alec (1984)
Clinton [Conn.] Historical Society (1947)
Close, Elizabeth (1960)
Clough, R. T. (1959)
Club of Odd Volumes (1948-1950, 1952-1957, 1961-1965, 1968-1970)
Coddington, John (1945-1949, 1951, 1956-1957, 1959, 1961-1962, 1968-1970, 1977, undated)
Coe, Bill (1958)
Coe, R. E. (Ted) (1962)
Coe, Ralph T. (1953, 1955, 1974)
Coffin, David R. (1965, 1968, 1973)
Cogswell, Dorothy (1951, 1959, 1962)
Cohen, Alfred (1946)
Cohen, Joan L. (1954-1957, 1960, 1963-1965)
Cohn, David N. (1984)
Cohn, Suzanne (1968)
Colby College (1968)
Cole, Dorothy (1958)
Cole, Harry (1957)
Coletti, Joseph (1961)
Coletti, Paul (1957)
Colgate University (1976, 1978)
Colibris Editora Ltda. (1962, 1964-1965, 1967)
Colin, Mrs. Ralph F. ( 1955)
Collaborazione Culturale, Instituto per la (1962)
College Art Association (1940, 1946-1953, 1955-1959, 1961-1964, 1966, 1969-1971, 1973-1979)
Colliers Encyclopedia -- (1947-1949, 1958-1959)
Collins, Cecil (1956)
Collins, Colin (1955)
Collins, Elizabeth (1959)
Collins, George R. (1960-1961, 1964, 1968, 1975-1976, 1979, 1983)
Collins, Peter (1964-1965, 1967-1968)
Colonial Travel Bureau (1955)
Columbia Historical Society (1982)
Columbia University 1937, 1939-1941, 1945, 1947-1948, 1954-1956, 1958-1959, 1961, 1964-1969, 1971, 1973-1977, 1979-1983, 1985-1986 ( -- see also -- : Avery Library; Avery Study Center, Columbia University)
Columbia University, Temple Hoyle Buell Center for the Study of American Architecture (1984)
Columbus Gallery of Fine Arts (1948-1949)
Colvin, Howard M. (1959)
Colwell, Miriam (1976)
Combs, Tom (1975)
Comite Francais D'Historie de L'Art (1967)
Commercial Credit Corporation (1947)
Committee for the Centennial Exhibition of New England Architecture (1957)
Committee for the Preservation of Architectural Records (1979)
Committee on Education and Labor, U. S. Congress (1954)
Committee on Government and Art (see: Government and Art, Committee on)
Community Arts Center (1945)
Community Chest (1958)
Comparative Studies in Society and History -- (1958)
Conant, Kenneth G. (1946-1947, 1952, 1973)
Concrete Quarterly -- (1955)
Condit, Carl W. (1963)
Condolence Letters [on death of mother] (1952)
Conference Board of Associated Research Councils (1948, 1951)
Congress on the History of Art, Twentieth International (1960-1961)
Conlon, Kathleen M. (1969)
Connaissance des Artes -- (1959)
Connecticut Automobile Assigned Risk Plan (1946-1947)
Connecticut College (1938-1942, 1944, 1947, 1953, 1956, 1963, undated)
Connecticut Commission on the Arts (1968)
Connecticut, Department of Agriculture (1937)
Connecticut State Department of Consumer Protection (1986)
Haskell, Douglas (1945, 1951-1952, 1954-1955, 1958)
Haskell, Henry C. (1946)
Haskell, Rosamund (1966)
Hasler, Charles (1962)
Hasselmann, Dorothy S. (1945)
Hatch, J. D. (1948-1949)
Hatchards Booksellers (1963-1964)
Hatje, Gerd (1959-1965, 1980)
Hattis, Phyllis (1966)
Hauf, Harold (1951)
Haupt, Otto (1963)
Hausen, Marika (1965-1966)
Haverkamp-Bergman, Egbert (1971, 1973)
Havinden, Ashley (1948, 1952, 1961)
Havinden, Margaret 1946, 1953
Havinden, Margaret and Ashley (1950)
Hawksmoor Committee (1962)
Hawthorne Books (1979)
Haydon, Harold (1961)
Hayes, Bartlett (1954)
Hayes, Marian (1954-1955, 1959, 1962, 1968, 1970)
Heath and Co. (1961)
Heaton, E. W. (1959)
Hecht, Jean (1956)
Hecht, Lynn S. (1962-1964, 1966)
Heckel, Louise (1960)
Hecksher, Morrison (1970, 1973-1974)
Hedge, Alice Payne (1948, 1953-1954, 1956, undated)
Hedge, E. Russell (1959-1963)
Hedge, Henry R. (1954, 1956-1958)
Hedge, Mrs. Henry R. (1953)
Hedge, Mrs. William R. (1947, 1953)
Hedrich, E. T. (1956)
Hedrich, J. O. (1969)
Heil, Bernard (1958)
Heilkamp, Detlef (1971)
Heimsath, Clovis B. (1952)
Heine, Georgette (1970)
Heintzelman, Arthur W. (1956)
Heinz, Thomas A. (1978-1981)
Heinzel, Brigitte (1967, 1969)
Heiser, Bruce E. (1953-1954)
Heisner, Beverly F. (1967)
Held, Mr. and Mrs. Julius (1965)
Heleniak, Kathryn Moore (1975)
Helm, Francis and Mary (1948)
Hemmenway, Mary (1948-1950, 1954)
Henderson, Pat Milne (1957, 1964) ( -- see also -- : Milne-Henderson, Pat)
Henderson, M. (1958)
Hendricks, Gordon (1967)
Henley, Helen B. (1941)
Hennessey, William J. (1975-1977)
Hennings, John (1955)
Henry (1973)
Henry, Anne Wythe (1972, 1975)
Henry, Barklie [Buzz] (1959)
Hentrich, Helmut (1957, 1959-1960, 1963-1976, 1978-1981, 1985)
Hentschel, Walter (1969)
Herald Tribune -- (1945)
Herbert, Gilbert (1970)
Herget, John T. (1960)
Hergert, Elizabeth (1963)
Heron, Patrick (1952-1954, 1956, 1979)
Herrmann, George (1960)
Herschman, Judith (1979)
Hersey, George L. (1959-1963, 1967-1968, 1971-1972, 1975
Hershberger, Howard (1960, 1961, 1963)
Herve, Lucien (1956-1957)
Herzog, Marion Rawles (1967, 1970)
Hesketh, Peter Fleetwood (1969)
Hesse (1956)
Hessler, Herman (1971)
Heyl, Bernard (1959-1963)
Hibbard, Don J. (1976)
Hibbard, Howard (1962, 1968)
Highest, Gilbert (1954)
Hill, Draper (1960)
Hill, Frederick and May (1968)
Hill, Oliver (1946, 1949, 1955)
Hiner, Walter (1946)
Hines, Thomas S. (1967, 1972, 1981)
Hirschl and Adler Galleries (1968)
Historic American Buildings Survey (1973)
Historical Society of Pennsylvania ( -- see -- : Pennsylvania, Historical Society of) -- History News -- (1963)
Hitchcock, Alice Davis [mother, Mrs. Henry Russell] (1925, 1940, 1942-1943, 1946-1950)
Hitchcock, Mr. and Mrs. Carl (1955)
Hitchcock, Charles D. (1940, 1971)
Hitchcock, Harriet (1963)
Hitchcock, Dr. and Mrs. Henry Russell [parents] (1928-1929, undated)
Hitchcock, June (1979-1980)
Hitchcock, Mrs. Peter S. (1964)
Hoag, John D. (1952, 1955-1956, 1959, 1961-1965, 1967-1968, 1970-1971, 1976)
Hochman, Elaine S. (1973, 1976)
Hodge, Alan (1957)
Hodge, Philip G. (1951)
Hodgkinson, Ianthe (1966)
Hofer, Philip (1945-1947, 1949, 1951-1952, 1959, 1961, 1968)
Hoffman, Donald L. (1964, 1969-1970, 1978)
Hoffmann, Werner (1956)
Hofstra College (1952)
Hogan, Austin (1940)
Hojer, Gerhard (1967, 1970, 1973)
Holcomb, Donald M. 1956
Holderbaum, James (1962, 1964, 1966, 1968)
Holdet, L. A. (1946)
Holdin, Harrison (1976)
Holiday Inn (1972)
Holland (1964, 1967)
Holland-America Line (1958, 1971)
Holman, William G. (1981)
Holmegaards Glasvaerk (1960)
Holmes, J. P. (1953)
Holser, Clifford B. (1952)
Holt, Rinehart and Winston (1972)
Holzbog, Tom (1967)
Homolka, Larry J. (1965-1967)
Hooker, Arthur (1952)
Honour, Hugh (1966)
Hood, Graham (1971)
Hooker, John (1953)
Hooper, S. C. (1954)
Hoover, Donald (1952)
Hoover, Kathleen O'Donnell (1948-1949, 1951)
Hope, Henry R. (1943, 1945-1950, 1954, 1957, 1959, 1962)
Hopping, D.M.C. (1955-1956)
Hordczak, Theodore (1956)
Horn, Estelle (1950)
Horn, Milton (1946, 1949, 1951-1952)
Horn, Walter (1958)
Horne, Mr. and Mrs. Bernard S. (1955)
Hornsey, Borough of (1946)
Horsburgh, Patrick (1952-1955)
Horta Committee (1960)
Hosken, Franziska Porges (1963)
Hotel Grande Bretagne (1961)
Hotel Inghilterra (1961)
Housend, Brian (1956)
House Beautiful -- (1928)
Housing (1945)
Houston (1959, 1967)
Houston, University of (1953-1954)
Howard, Charles (1956)
Howard, Tom (1945)
Howard University (1961-1962)
Howarth, Thomas (1953-1957, 1959-1960, 1962-1963, 1966)
Howe, George (1945, 1949, 1951, 1953)
Howe, Hester (1954, 1956)
Howe, Lawrence (1955)
Howe, Mrs. Lawrence (1945)
Howe, Stewart S. (1954)
Howe, Thomas C. (1953, 1954)
Howlett, D. Roger (1965)
Howland, Richard H. (1952-1954, 1959, 1961)
Hoyle, Henry D. (1969)
Hoyt, Deming (1960)
Hoyt, Natalie (1947, 1949-1951, 1956, 1959, 1963)
Hoyt, Nelly (1968)
Hubbard, L. Kent (1937)
Hubbard, R. J. (1959)
Hubbard, Ray (1978)
Hubbard, Russell (1949)
Huber, Erna (1963-1964, 1966, 1970-1971)
Huber, Erna and Charlie (1983)
Hudnut, Claire (1948)
Hudnut, Helen (1947-1948)
Hudnut, Joseph (1945, 1951)
Hudson River Conservancy Society, Inc. (1945)
Huemer, Frances (1955)
Huff, William S. (1958, 1965)
Hughenden Manor (1950)
Hughes, Richard (1953-1954)
Hughes, Talmadge C. (1945)
[Hugnet?], Georges (undated)
Hulst, Roger d' (1973)
Hulton Press (1957)
Hundertmark, Dieter (1960)
Hunn, Robert (1970)
Hunter, Anna C. (1955)
Hunter, Bob (1954)
Huntington, C. (1955)
Huntington, Constant (1952)
Huntington, David C. (1961, 1963-1965, 1967-1968, 1971)
Huntington, J. D. (1951)
Huntington, James L. (1954-1955, 1957-1959, 1963-1965)
Huntington, John (1955)
Huntington, Trudy (1952)
Huse, Norbert (1975)
Hussey, Alfred R. (1949)
Hussey, Mary (1954, 1962)
Huxley Brothers (1951, 1954)
Huxtable, Ada Louise (1947, 1950, 1957-1958, 1961-1962, 1969, 1971, 1982-1983)
Hyams, N. (1948)
Hyde Hall, Inc., Friends of (1965)
Hyman, Isabelle (1977)
Iber, Howard John (1972, 1974)
Illinois Institute of Technology (1950, 1954)
Illinois, University of (1947, 1949, 1965, 1979)
Ilmanen, William (1954, 1956)
Imperial Institute (1956)
Inaya, Beata (1956)
In the Nature of Materials -- (1968-1969) ( -- see also -- : Wright, Frank Lloyd)
Income Tax (1956-1957, 1972)
India International Center (1964-1965)
Indiana University (1948, 1953, 1966)
Indiana, University of (1945, 1961)
Indianapolis, Art Association of (1948)
Information Agency, U.S. (1955)
Information Service, U.S. (1961)
Inghilterra Hotel (1960)
Inglis, F. C. (1954)
Ingraham, David (1941)
Ingraham, Henry A. (1945, 1947)
Innendekoration (1963)
Inspector of Foreign Dividends (1956)
Inscoe, Eva Jane (1983)
Institute for Advanced Studies (1963)
Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies (1975)
Institute of Contemporary Art (1948-1949, 1953-1954, 1956, 1961, 1963-1964, 1976)
Institute of Fine Arts, New York University (1949, 1956-1957, 1960, 1967) ( -- see also -- : New York University)
Institute of International Education (1955)
Institute of Landscape Architects (1952)
Instituto di Storia dell'Arte (1961)
Instituto Italiano di Cultura (1958)
Instituto per la Collaborazione Culturale (1965) ( -- see also -- : Collaborazione Culturale, Instituto per la)
Insurance (1970)
Insurance Company of America (1963)
Intercultural Publications, Inc. (1953)
International Architecture Students Conference (1949)
International Congress of African Studies (see: African Studies, International Congress of)
International Encyclopedia of Architecture, Engineering, and Urban Planning -- (1976-1977)
International Design Conference (1955)
International Information Administration (1952)
International Publications, Inc. (1954)
International Union of Architects, Sixth Congress (1960)
International University of Art (1970)
Ireland, Royal Institute of Architects of (1962)
Irving, Robert Grant (1968)
Irvy, Benjamin (1981)
Isham, Gyles (1954)
Isis -- (1961, 1964)
Isley, Natelle (1956)
Italian Institute (1956)
Ivins, William M. (1936)
Jack, William A. Park (1936)
Jackson, Esther (1953)
Jacobi, Frank (1952)
Jacobs Antiques (1948-1949)
Jacobs, Robert A. (1965)
Jacobs, Stephen (1966)
Jacobus, John [Jake] (1957-1962, 1964-1966, 1969-1971, 1980-1981)
Jacobus, John [Jake] and Marion (1963)
Jaffe, Michael (1952-1956, 1958-1964, 1966, 1968, 1973, 1977, 1986)
Jaffe, Ronald (1952)
James, Evan (1946)
James, George (1952)
James, Philip (1952, 1958)
Jamieson, K. I. (1953)
Janis Gallery (1949)
Janis, Sidney (1950)
Jansen, Dick (1953-1954, 1961-1962)
Jansen, Dick and Ellen (1955)
Janson, H. W. (1959-1962, 1972, 1975, 1977, 1983)
Janson, Peter (1978, 1982)
Jarrett, James (1958-1959, 1981)
Jeannert, Marie-Louise (1982)
Jefferson National Expansion Memorial (1947)
Jemma, Manuela (1965)
Jenkins, Frank I. (1955-1956, 1958, 1960-1961, 1964-1967)
Jennings, Nancy Gillespie (1970)
Jerome Hotel (1955)
Jerome, T. T. (1947)
Jersey City, N. J. (1981)
Jewell, Jim (1953, 1956)
Joedicke, Jurgen (1963)
Johanneson, Eric (1969)
John, Dorothy (1954)
Johns Hopkins University (1952, 1965, 1967-1971, 1973-1975)
Johnson Art Collection (1926-1927)
Johnson, Buffie (1948)
Johnson, Donald Leslie (1977)
Johnson Gallery, Museum of Modern Art (1984)
Johnson, J. R. (1969)
Johnson, J. Stewart (1968, 1976)
Johnson, James R. (1946-1951, 1953-1954, 1958-1959, 1966, 1978, 1983)
Johnson, Laura (1945)
Johnson, Margaret (1952)
Johnson, Peter 1977, 1979
Johnson, Philip C. (1934, 1945-1967, 1969, 1973, 1975, 1978-1979, 1981-1983, undated) ( -- see also -- : -- Nineteenth Century American Architects -- [with Philip Johnson])
Neutra, Richard (1928, 1940-1941, 1954, 1969, undated)
Neville, Elizabeth (1964)
Neville, Richard G. (1958)
Neville, Harriett Elizabeth (1966)
New American Library (1952)
New Amsterdam Casualty Co. (1948)
New England Antiquities, Society for the Preservation of (1972-1973) ( -- see also -- : Preservation of New England Antiquities, Society for the; Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities)
New England Architecture, Committee for the Centennial Exhibition of (1957)
New England Quarterly -- (1955)
New Gallery (1963)
New Haven Festival of Arts (1959)
New Haven Preservation Trust (1964, 1966-1969)
New Jersey Historical Society (1962)
New Jersey Society of Architects (1957)
New Liberty (1952)
New London (1976)
New Mexico, University of (1957)
New Watson Hotel (1955)
New York Central Railway (1956)
New York City (1972)
New York City, Art Commission of (1983)
New York City Planning Commission (1972)
New York Graphic Society (1970
New York Herald Tribune -- (1947)
New-York Historical Society (1950-1951, 1961-1962, 1969)
New York State Association of Architects (1949)
New York State, Temporary Commission on the Restoration of the Capitol (1980-1981)
New York, State University of (1952)
New York Times -- (1947-1948, 1957, 1960-1961)
New York University (1945-1949, 1951-1954, 1958, 1960-1961, 1968-1986) ( -- see also -- : Gray Art Gallery; Institute of Fine Arts) New York University Seminar (1977, 1980)
Porter-Phelps-Huntington House, Inc. (1953, 1955-1957)
Porter-Phelps-Huntington Foundation (1962-1964, 1967)
Portnoy, Martin (1986)
Portsmouth Priory (1949)
Posener, Julius (1964-1966, 1968-1969)
Postmaster, Western District, London (1956)
Potter, Brooks ( 1956)
Potter, Inc. (1969)
Powell, Herbert ( 1963)
Powell, Philip (1952)
Powell, Philip and Moya (1954)
Praeger, Inc. (1962-1963, 1967-1971, 1973)
Prairie School Press (1963, 1966, 1968, 1970)
Prakapas, Eugene J. (1974, 1985)
Prats, Joan (1956)
Pratt and Whitney Aircraft (1945)
Praz, Mario (1955-1956)
Prentice-Hall, Inc. (1962)
Pre-Raphaelite Decorative Arts Exhibition (1971)
Preservation League of New York (1981)
Preservation of New England Antiquities, Society for the (1956, 1963, 1966) ( -- see also -- : New England Antiquities, Society for the Preservation of; Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities)
Preservation Society of Newport Co. [Rhode Island] (1948, 1955) ( -- see also -- : Newport Co. [Rhode Island], Preservation Society of)
Prestel Verlag (1975)
Preston, James (1963)
Preusser, Robert (1957)
Prey, Pierre du (1968-1969)
Preziosi, Donald (1981)
Price, Eric J. (1946)
Price, Paton (1949)
Priest, Allen (undated)
Primex Trading Co. (1950)
Prince, Charlotte (1969)
Princeton University (1945-1947, 1951-1952, 1955, 1957-1958, 1963, 1972, 1974-1978, 1985)
Prior, Harris K. (1947-1949, 1951, 1954-1956, 1962)
Reinhardt, Phyllis A. (1953-1955, 1960-1961, 1967-1968)
Reinhold Books (1957, 1959)
Reinhold Publishing Co. (1954)
Reinink, A. W. (1964, 1966-1967, 1969-1972)
Renaissance Conference (1945)
Renaissance Quarterly -- (1970)
Renaissance Society of America (1954, 1956-1958, 1961)
Renascence (1955)
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (1947, 1986)
Research Publications (1970-1971)
Residenz Verlag (1968)
Revista de Occidente Argentinia -- (1949)
Rewald, John (1977)
Rewald, S. (1976)
Rheinisches Museum (1958)
Rheinland Landschaftsverband (1956)
Rhode Island (1968)
Rhode Island Architecture -- (1939, 1968)
Rhode Island School of Design (1949-1950, 1952, 1956, 1982-1983)
Rhoads, William B. (1969)
Ribner, Jonathan (1979)
Rice, Davis and and Daley (1946-1949)
Rice Institute (1958)
Rice, Norman (1966)
Rich, Daniel Catton (1981)
Rich, Frances (1966)
Richards, Brian (1955)
Richards, Charles R. (1928)
Richards, Jim (1950, 1956)
Richards, Jim and Kit (1955)
Richards, John M. (1946, 1947, 1952, 1954, 1965)
Richardson (1956)
Richardson, A. E. (1945, 1954)
Richardson, Douglas (1971-1972, 1974-1976)
Richardson, Douglas Scott (1966)
Richardson, E. P. (Ted) (1953, 1955)
Richardson, H. H. (1974, 1978, 1982)
Richardson, Joseph P. (1973)
Richmond (1947, 1965)
Ricketson, John H. (1963)
Rickey, George W. (1961)
Rider, Fremont (1950)
Rietveld (1963)
Rijksmuseum (1956)
Rindge, Agnes (1930, 1945, 1947) ( -- see also -- : Claflin, Agnes Rindge)
Ringling Museum of Art (1948-1949, 1952)
Riopelle, Chris (1979-1982, 1984)
Ripley, Dillon (1958)
Ritter, John C. (1962)
Riverside, University of California at (1966)
Robb, David M. (1945, 1953, 1959)
Roberts, Abby B. (1941)
Roberts, Laurance (1959)
Robertson, Jacques (1955)
Robertson, Nancy (1959)
Robie House, Committee for the Preservation of the (1962-1965, 1967)
Robinson and Cleaver (1960-1961)
Robinson, Cervin (1962)
Robinson, Franklin W. (1981)
Roche, Kevin (1966, 1974-1975)
Rochester (1967)
Rochester Memorial Art Gallery (1949)
Rochester, Print Club of (1949-1950)
Rochester, University of (1970)
Rockefeller, Mr. and Mrs. David (1967)
Rockefeller, Mr. and Mrs. John D., 3rd (1955)
Rockefeller, Winston (1957)
Rococo Architecture in Southern Germany -- (1967-1968)
Rodman, Selden (1949)
Roe, Albert S. (1961)
Rollins, Clara B. (1950)
Romaine, Lawrence B. (1941, 1946-1953, 1955, 1958, 1961)
Rome (1959)
Roop, Ellen (1967)
Roos, Frank J. (1938, 1947)
Roosevelt University (1957-1958)
Rorimer, James J. (1955)
Roscoe, Field (1952)
Rose, Francis (1947, 1949-1954, 1956, 1964, undated)
Rose, Frederica (1955)
Rose, Laura (1976)
Rosebery, Earl of (1952)
Rosenberg, Arthur M. (1951)
Rosenberg, Eugene (1956)
Rosenberg, George (1976)
Rosenberg, Jim (1954)
Rosenblum, Robert H. (1952-1953, 1956-1969, 1972, 1982)
Rosenthal, Julius (1948)
Rosenwald, Lessing J. (1948)
Rosett, Francis (1957-1958)
Rosever, Kenneth M. (1952)
Ross, Marian Dean (1941, 1947, 1952-1954, 1956, 1960-1962, undated)
Ross, Marvin C. (1957, 1962)
Ross, Robert W. (1925, undated)
Roth, Leland (1970, 1973-1974, 1976, 1978, 1982)
Rothenberg, Jacob (1952)
Rowaan, H. (1963)
Rowe, Barbara C. (1958)
Rowe, Brian and Colin (1952)
Rowe, Colin (1953-1956, 1960-1961, 1964, 1977)
Rowland, Browse and Delbanco (1952)
Rox, Henry (1953, 1945)
Royal Archaeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (1955)
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada ( -- see -- : Canada, Royal Architectural Institute of)
Royal Automobile Club (1956)
Royal College of Art (1953)
Royal Institute of British Architects (1936, 1946-1957, 1959, 1962, 1968, 1970, 1975, 1981,1986)
Royal Society of Arts (1950, 1953, 1955-1956, 1959-1962, 1964, 1966-1967, 1969-1970, 1972, 1975-1976, 1978-1980, 1983, 1985-1986)
Royal Vangorcum Ltd. 1965
Rub, Timothy (1978-1982, 1986-1987)
Rubin, Don (1970)
Rubin, Joan Carpenter (1980)
Rudd, J. William (1961, 1963, 1966)
Rudisill, Richard (1964)
Rudolph, Paul (1950, 1952-1954, 1963-1964, undated)
Rueger, Charles (1954)
Rufford Travel (1954-1955)
Ruggie Agency (1949-1950, 1952-1955, 1961)
Rusch, Basil (1955)
Rusk, W. S. (1935)
Ruskin Society of America (1951, 1953)
Russell, A. LeBaron (1947)
Russell, Beverly (1975)
Russell, Christopher A. (1953)
Russell, Gordon (1956)
Russell, Mr. and Mrs. William G. (1954)
Russian Review -- (1955)
Rutgers University (1955, 1972-1973, 1982, 1985)
Rutledge, Anna Wells (1951, 1955, 1957, 1962, 1966)
Ryan Studios (1958)
Ryder, Arthur (1949)
Ryerson and Burnham Libraries, Art Institute of Chicago (1949) ( -- see also -- : Burnham Library; Art Institute of Chicago; Chicago, Art Institute of)
Saarinen, Aline B. (1962)
Saarinen, Eero (1957, 1963-1964)
Sabin Coal Co. (1954-1955)
Sachs, Paul J. (1925-1926, 1928, 1951-1952, 1955)
Saint, Andrew (1982, 1986)
St. George's Gallery Books (1959, 1964-1965, 1968, 1970, 1977-1978)
St. James Press (1978)
St. John's University (1961)
St. Louis, City Art Museum of (1961, 1966)
Salmon and Son (1954)
Salto Liberia (1962)
Saltonstall, Gladys (1928)
Saltonstall, Leverett (1953)
Salzberg Seminar in American Studies (1959)
Salzburg (1953)
Samoset Garage (1946)
Samson, Miles D. (1984)
Samuel, Godfrey (1948, 1952, 1956, 1959)
San Antonio Fine Arts Forum (1958)
Sanborn, Herbert J. (1960)
San Jose State University ( -- see -- : California, San Jose State University)
Smith, Alexander Mackay (1949) ( -- see also -- : Mackay-Smith, Alexander)
Smith and Sons (1953)
Smith, Anna L. (undated)
Smith, Betty (1928-1929)
Smith College (1946-1964, 1966-1973, 1975-1976, 1978, 1981-1982) ( -- see also -- : Department; Kennedy Fund)
Smith College Alumnae Association (1954) ( -- see also -- : Alumnae Association)
Smith, E. Baldwin (1946-1947, 1953)
Smtih, Edith (1928-1929)
Smith, Fred S. (1928)
Smith, Mrs. Frederick (1945)
Smith, G. E. Kidder (1957, 1961, 1963, 1965)
Smith, George Walter Vincent Museum (1961)
Smith, Gertrude D. (1972)
Smith, Hinchman and Grulls Associates, Inc. (1976)
Smith, Kathryn (1976-1980, 1983, 1986)
Smith, Linn (1947)
Smith, Meg (1972, 1974)
Smith, Patricia Anne (1950)
Smith, Peter van der Meulen (1927-1928)
Smith, Robert C. (1950-1952, 1956)
Smith, Sidney (1947)
Smith, Vincent (1971)
Smith, William and Son (1949)
Smithson, Peter (1966)
Smithsonian Associates (1975)
Smithsonian Institution (1967, 1976, 1979)
Smyser, H. M. (1965)
Smyth, Craig Hugh (1951-1952, 1956, 1983)
Snow, Florence (1955)
Snow, Wilbert (1945)
Snowden, Ernest (1927-1928)
Snyder, John (1974)
Soby, James Thrall (1945-1950, 1954-1955, 1957-1958, 1960-1961, 1968, 1977, 1979)
Soby, Nellie (1951-1953)
Societe Editions de France (1958)
Society for the Preservation of Long Island Antiquities ( -- see -- : Long Island Antiquities, Society for the Preservation of)
Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities (1948, 1972, 1975) ( -- see also -- : New England Antiquities, Society for the Preservation of; Preservation of New England Antiquities, Society for the)
Society of Architectural Historians (1949-1985, 1987)
Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain (1958-1980, 1983-1986)
Society of Mayflower Descendants ( -- see -- : Mayflower Descendants, Society of)
Solomon, Arthur and Marny (1975)
Solomon, Pringle (1948)
Somerset Co. [N.J.] Park Commission (1970)
Somerwil, J. (1962)
Sommer, Clifford C. (1958)
Sommer, Frank (1970)
Sonne, Fi (1955-1956)
Sonnenberg, Benjamin (1972)
Sorem, Lucia (1961)
Soria, Martin (1958)
Sotheby Parke Bernet, Inc. (1971, 1982)
Southern California, University of (1966, 1968)
Southern Regional Education Board (1966)
Spaeth, John W. (1945-1946)
Spark, Victor (1948, 1971)
Spear, Dorothea (1955)
Speed Art Museum ( -- see -- : Louisville, J. B. Speed Art Museum)
Speed, Herbert (1946)
Speirs, Bruce (1982)
Spence, Basil (1963-1964)
Spence, Eleanor (1954)
Spencer, Brian (1973-1974)
Spencer, Stephen (1956)
Spencer, Walter L. (1975-1976, 1978)
Sperling, Harry G. (1955)
Speyer, Darthea (1952)
Spokes, P. S. (1955)
Sprague, Joan Forrester (1960)
Sprague, Paul (1973, 1980, 1983)
Springarn, J. E. (1938)
Springfield [Mass.] (1980-1981)
Springfield [Mass.] City Planning Department (1971)
Springfield [Mass.] Museum of Fine Arts (1949, 1954)
Springfield [Mass.] Republican (1944-1945)
Springfield [Miss.] Art Museum (1949)
Staatsarchiv (1966)
Stabile, Elizabeth (1963)
Stadt Koln (1957)
Stahl, Frederick A. (Tod) (1969-1970)
Staib, Hermann (1966, 1968-1969, 1974)
Staley, Karl A. (1953)
Stamm, Gunther (1979)
Stamp, Gavin (1978, 1985)
Stanford University (1985)
Stanton, Phoebe B. (1952-1954, 1958, 1965, 1968, 1970)
Staples Press (1950)
Starr, Mrs. Nathan C. (1952)
State Department, U. S. (1955, 1956, 1958) ( -- see also -- : Department of State; United States Department of State)
State Department, U.S. Information Agency (1957)
State Historical Society of Wisconsin ( -- see -- : Wisconsin, State Historical Society of)
Stebbins, Theodore E. (1965-1969, 1972-1973, 1977-1978)
Wright, Frank Lloyd, Home and Studio Foundation (1977, 1984)
Wright, Frank Lloyd, and -- In the Nature of Materials -- (1941)
Wright, John Lloyd (1968)
Wriston, Barbara (1952-1953, 1956, 1960, 1962, 1967)
Wurm, Heinrich (1966)
Wurster, William W. (1943-1944, 1946,-1948, 1950, 1951-1957, 1959, 1961)
Wurster, William W. and Catherine 1945
Wyoming, University of (1975)
Xenakis, Jason (1958)
Yale Review -- (1966-1968, 1970)
Yale University (1947-1960, 1962-1963, 1965-1979, 1982, 1986)
Yardley, Michael (1975-1978)
Yeon, John (1954)
York City Art Gallery (1958)
York Institute of Architectural Study (1957-1959, 1961)
York, University of (1962, 1970)
Yorke, R.F.S. (1952)
Youell, William (1948)
Young, E. A. (1947)
Young, Elaine (1962)
Young, Elizabeth (1961)
Young, Paul E. (1949)
Young, Mr. and Mrs. Wilfred B. (1954-1955)
Youritzin, Glenda Green (1974)
Zacchwatowicz, Jim (1963)
Zador, Anna (1970, 1972)
Zarnecki, George (1953)
Zaroff, Anne T. (1975)
Zawisa, Bernard J. (1952-1953, 1956)
Zenith Corp. (1969-1970)
Zenobi Sarto (1963)
Zerkowitz, A. (1957)
Zevi, Bruno (1952)
Zewicher, Mrs. Victor K. (1950)
Zimmerman Brothers (1963-1966, 1969)
Zimmerman, Mrs. Isadore (1952)
Zodiac Revue -- (1959-1969)
Zorn, Kate (1979)
Zubarec, Michael (1956-1957)
Zwemmer, A. (1946-1948, 1955, 1959)
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research. Use requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Henry-Russell Hitchcock papers, 1919-1987. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by the Terra Foundation for American Art
