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Fay Kellogg

Artist:
Brown Brothers Studio, active c. 1900s - 1940s  Search this
Sitter:
Fay Kellogg, 13 May 1871 - 10 Jul 1918  Search this
Medium:
Gelatin silver print
Dimensions:
Image/Sheet: 20.5 × 15.6 cm (8 1/16 × 6 1/8")
Mat: 43.2 × 35.6 cm (17 × 14")
Type:
Photograph
Date:
c. 1915
Topic:
Interior  Search this
Costume\Jewelry\Ring  Search this
Printed Material\Document  Search this
Home Furnishings\Furniture\Table  Search this
Artwork  Search this
Art implements  Search this
Interior\Office  Search this
Interior\Studio  Search this
Equipment\Drafting & Writing Implements\Writing implement\Pen  Search this
Home Furnishings\Lighting Devices\Lamp  Search this
Tool  Search this
Costume\Dress Accessory\Neckwear\Tie\Necktie  Search this
Art implements\Frame  Search this
Art implements\Architectural drawing\Blueprint  Search this
Fay Kellogg: Female  Search this
Fay Kellogg: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution
Object number:
NPG.2023.43
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
National Portrait Gallery Collection
Location:
Currently not on view
Data Source:
National Portrait Gallery
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4c5194c81-c380-42d4-8a77-3dbbd0cd127f
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_NPG.2023.43

Norman Foster

Artist:
Nancy Lee Katz, 12 Jun 1947 - 22 Mar 2018  Search this
Sitter:
Norman Foster, born 1935  Search this
Medium:
Gelatin silver print
Dimensions:
Image: 22.1 × 25.4 cm (8 11/16 × 10")
Sheet: 35.4 × 27.9 cm (13 15/16 × 11")
Type:
Photograph
Date:
March 17, 2009
Topic:
Interior  Search this
Architecture\Model  Search this
Norman Foster: Male  Search this
Norman Foster: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; gift of Michael S. Sachs
Object number:
NPG.2023.83
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
National Portrait Gallery Collection
Location:
Currently not on view
Data Source:
National Portrait Gallery
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm432dd056d-eacc-40c1-a69d-027e7734d6b1
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_NPG.2023.83

William R. Hutton Papers

Creator:
Hutton, William R., 1826-1901  Search this
Extent:
30 Cubic feet (33 boxes, 21 oversize folders)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photographs
Letterpress copybooks
Blueprints
Diaries
Drawings
Cashbooks
Business records
Business letters
Notebooks
Topographic maps
Tax records
Technical drawings
Stock certificates
Technical literature
Photoengravings
Notes
Maps
Microfilms
Linen tracings
Letter books
Letters
Land titles
Legal documents
Sketches
Salted paper prints
Reports
Receipts
Plans (drawings)
Photostats
Photographic prints
Architectural drawings
Administrative records
Albumen prints
Albums
Annual reports
Booklets
Account books
Books
Family papers
Financial records
Cyanotypes
Correspondence
Deeds
Printed material
Contracts
Photograph albums
Specifications
Christmas cards
Menus
Place:
France
Maryland
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal
Panama Canal (Panama)
New Jersey
New York (N.Y.)
Hudson River
Baltimore (Md.)
Georgetown (Washington, D.C.)
New York
Washington Bridge
New Croton Aqueduct
Kanawha River Canal
Washington Aqueduct
Potomac River -- 19th century
Washington Memorial Bridge
Hudson River Tunnel
Date:
1830-1965
Summary:
The papers document the life and work of William R. Hutton, a civil engineer during the late 1800s to the early 1900s. Materials include diaries, notebooks, correspondence, letterpress copy book, printed materials, publications, specifications, photographs, drawings, and maps that document the construction of several architectural and engineering projects during this period. Most notable are the records containing information related to the construction of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, Hudson River Tunnel, the Washington Aqueduct, the Kanawha River Canal, and the Washington/Harlem River Bridge. There are also several records about railroads in the state of Maryland, the District of Columbia and elsewhere, including the Western Maryland Railroad, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Colorado Midlands Railway, Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad, the Northern Adirondack Railroad, and the Pittsfield and Williamstown Railroad. The records can be used to track the progression of these projects, and engineering innovation during the late 1800s to the early 1900s.
Scope and Contents:
These papers document William R. Hutton's professional career as a civil engineer and his personal affairs. Although the personal materials in the collection provide insight into a man and a family that have been largely forgotten by biographers, it is the professional materials that are perhaps the most interesting to researchers. They provide a compelling narrative of the push to the West that occurred in 19th century America and the internal improvements movement typified by the American System plan proposed by Henry Clay. Perhaps best remembered for the high tariffs that accompanied it, the American System plan was also concerned with the advancement of internal improvements, such as canals, that would unite the East and West in communication, travel, and trade. The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal can be seen as one of the products of this movement (1) and was in fact initially heralded as the first great work of national improvement (2).

The papers in this collection that are related to the construction and maintenance of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal are an invaluable documentation of efforts during this turbulent time to unite the eastern and western United States. They provide details of the canal from its initial construction to its decline with the incline at Georgetown project. The canal also serves as an example, or perhaps a warning against, federal involvement in state improvement efforts as it was the first project to be directly funded and staffed by the federal government (3). The groundbreaking ceremony was attended by then President John Quincy Adams whose toast, "to the canal: perseverance," (4) became an ironic omen, as construction of the canal took over twenty-two years to be completed. The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal materials can be used as a case study for the problems encountered during canal building (5). These problems are best typified in the collection by the papers relating to the Georgetown incline. This project was headed by Hutton and was plagued with construction problems, boating accidents, and obsolescence from the moment of its completion. Despite these issues, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal remains a structure of historical significance in America. As the third and last effort to construct an all-water route to the West (6), the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal is an important artifact of 19th century attitudes and efforts towards commerce, trade, travel, and communication between the eastern and western United States. Other significant canals and water structures represented in the collection are the Kanawha Canal, the Washington Aqueduct, and a large collection of materials relating to the Kingston Water Supply (New York).

One of the most significant internal improvements made during this time was the railroad. The legal conflicts that arose between the canal companies and railroads is also represented in the materials relating to the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. These materials specifically deal with the legal conflict's between the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The development and construction of the railroads is also represented in the materials documenting the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, the Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad, the Northern Adirondack Railroad, the Western Maryland Railroad, the Mexican National Railroad, the Colorado Midlands Railroad, and the Columbia Railroad.

The collection also demonstrates the spirit of innovation and invention that was prevalent in the engineering field in the nineteenth century. Joseph Gies writes, "...one of the distinctive characteristics of the great nineteenth century engineering adventurers was their readiness to gamble on the translation of theory into practice" (7). In this quote, he is speaking of the civil engineer Dewitt Clinton Haskins and a project that truly encapsulates engineering invention in the nineteenth century, the Hudson River Tunnel. Responding to the increase in the population of the City of New York in the late nineteenth century from sixty thousand to three and a half million, the Hudson River Tunnel was originally devised as a way to alleviate traffic and to transport train passengers directly across the Hudson River (8). Beginning with records dating from 1881 to 1901, the Hutton papers can be used to document not only the advances in engineering during this time but also the costs of progress. Haskins' initial efforts to build the tunnel using submerged air pressurized caissons were marked by failure and in some cases fatalities. Workers on the tunnel often suffered from what came to be known as "caisson disease" or "the bends," caused by the immense forces of compression and decompression experienced while working in the tunnels (9). This problem was so prevalent that as construction progressed the rate of worker deaths caused by "the bends" rose to twenty-five percent (10). Materials in the collection document worker complaints and deaths resulting from this disease as well as providing a technical record of the construction of the tunnel. The highlight of the materials relating to the Hudson River Tunnel is an album that contains photographs of workers in the tunnel and a detailed daily report of the construction progress on the tunnel that was maintained by Hutton's assistant, Walton Aims. The first hand account in these reports provides insight not only into the construction of the tunnel, but also the problems encountered.

Another project featured in the Hutton collection that was devised in response to the population explosion in the City of New York in the nineteenth century is the Harlem River Bridge, or as it is now known, the Washington Bridge. Known as one of the longest steel arch bridges of its time, the Harlem River Bridge also represents that spirit of invention and innovation that was prevalent in the civil engineering field during the nineteenth century. The collection provides an invaluable resource for those wishing to track the construction of the bridge from early concept drawings and proposals to finalized plans. Also present are photographs of the construction and workers. Societal response to the bridge in the form of newspaper and magazine clippings help to create the narrative of the Washington Bridge, and these are supplemented by correspondence from the builders, suppliers, and planners.

This collection also includes diaries, 1866-1901; letterpress copybooks, 1858-1901; correspondence on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, Hudson River Tunnel, Washington Bridge over the Harlem River, and Maryland and Colorado railroads, 1861-1901, and on Hutton's financial and real estate affairs, 1835-1921; construction photographs of the Harlem River, Cairo, Poughkeepsie, Niagara bridges and the Hudson River Tunnel, Washington Aqueduct, and Capitol Dome (in the form of albumen, cyanotype, salted paper print); data and drawings; rolled land profile drawings; canal notes, 1828-1892; Hudson River Tunnel construction reports, 1889-1891; publications, drawings, and maps of railroad routes; pamphlets and reprints on hydraulic works and water supply; road, railway, bridge, and hydraulic construction specifications, 1870-1900; drawings (linen, oil cloth, and heavy drawing paper), and blueprints; account books, 1891-1899; and plans, drawings, field notebooks, and publications on American and European construction projects, especially in Maryland, New York, and France; personal correspondence detailing his role as executor for the estates of Benjamin H. Hutton, Joseph Hutton, Annie Theller, and the Countess H. De Moltke-Hvitfeldt and his relationships with his children, siblings, cousins, and colleagues, 1850-1942.

Materials are handwritten, typed, and printed.

Special note should be made that any materials dated after the year 1901 were added to the collection by another creator who is unidentified. It can be speculated that professional materials added after this date were contributed by his brother and colleague Nathanial Hutton or his son Frank Hutton. Personal materials contributed after this date may have been added by his wife, daughters, or other members of his extended family.

Series 1, Letterpress Copybooks, 1858-1901, consists of twenty seven letterpress copybooks containing correspondence between Hutton and other engineers, architects, and building suppliers. The letterpress copybooks in this series have been arranged chronologically. The books involve a process by which ink is transferred through direct contact with the original using moisture and pressure in a copy press. The majority of the correspondence is business- related. Some letterpress copybooks are devoted to specific projects such as the Washington/Harlem River Bridge, Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad, Annapolis and Elk Ridge Railroad, and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The letterpress copybooks provide a record of correspondence written by Hutton, which makes it distinctive from the other correspondence in the collection. Most of the other correspondence has Hutton as recipient.

The letterpress copybooks also document Hutton's various residences throughout his life and provide a glimpse into the civil engineering profession at the time by demonstrating how engineers shared ideas and comments about projects. This can be supplemented with the printed materials in the collection as many of the authors also appear in the correspondence. Other topics covered in the letterpress copybooks include business reports (specifically the report of the president and directors of the Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad), records of people and companies involved in projects, pasted in engineering sketches, engineering specifications and notes, travel expenses and estimates, construction histories and progress, legal issues with family estates, tax information, Colorado Railroad, payment certificate schedules, St. Paul Railroad, personal correspondence, title guarantees, Hudson River Tunnel, financial matters, real estate matters, insurance information, sketches and drawings, supply lists, cost estimates, the Memorial Bridge, Coffin Valve Company, engineering expenses, engineering calculations, payroll notes for Kingston Water Supply, proposals, account information, Hutton Park, reservoirs, contract drafts, French Society of Civil Engineers, inspection results (specifically Piedmont Bridge), land descriptions, damage reports, Morse Bridge, Illinois Central Railroad, North Sea Canal, moveable dams, iron works, site histories, Potomac Lock and Dock Company, Kanawha River canal (lock quantities, specifications, payroll information), Pennsylvania Canal, and bills for services.

Series 2, Professional Correspondence, 1861-1901, consists of correspondence that relates to Hutton's architectural and engineering projects. This series is further subdivided into two subseries: Project Correspondence and General Correspondence. Subseries 1, Project Correspondence, 1876-1899, correspondence is divided by project and arranged alphabetically. Subseries 2, General Correspondence, 1861-1901, is arranged chronologically. Both series contain handwritten and typed letters. Some letters are on letterpress copybook pages and are most likely copies. Some materials are in French and Spanish. Special note should be made that this series does not contain all of the professional correspondence in the collection. Some correspondence has been separated according to project and placed in Series 8, Professional Projects, 1830-1965, in order to make it easier for researchers to access materials related to those subjects.

Subseries 1, professional correspondence topics include comparisons between construction projects (specifically comparisons of the Kanawha River Canal to other canals), supply lists, location recommendations, sketches, construction plans and modifications, bills for supplies and works, leaks in the gates, cost estimates, Brooklyn Water Supply, use of lake storage (Ramapo Water Supply), water supply to states and counties, damages to water supply pipes, estimates of water quantities, responses to construction reports, legal issues related to projects, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and payment for services.

Subseries 2, general correspondence topics include employment opportunities, committee meetings and elections, land surveys, sketches, engineering plans and ideas, work on projects, dismissal from projects, notes on supplies, Washington Aqueduct, construction progress, land purchases, Civil War, Jones Falls, cost of water pumps, steam drills, lots divisions and prices, repairs, report of the engineering bureau, tidewater connection at Annapolis, bridge construction, construction costs, statement of vessels that entered and cleared Baltimore, technical questions from colleagues, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, supply costs, letters of introduction, requests for reference, changes to plans and designs, survey reports, St. Andrew's lot, Canal Coal Company, publication process, American Society of Civil Engineers and its members, responses to project inquiries, Graving Dock gross revenue, job offers, specifications, trade figures, contracts, water levels, appointment dates and times, moveable dams, proposals for membership, salaries, Piedmont Coal Lands, maps, land profiles, Washington Bridge, board payments, Nicaragua Canal, Grant Coal Company, statistics, engineering notes, Hartford Bridge, water pressures, coal deposits, Colorado Coal, pipe lines, reservoirs, boat costs for canals, floods, bridges, letters of resignation, engines, Ruxton Viaduct, Colorado and Midland Railroad, Morse Bridge, share values, railroad locations, membership invitations, call for submissions, structural tests, record of accounts for room and board, appointments, water rights (Putnam County), publications, blueprints, visitation programs, cotton compresses, street trenches, pressures in dams, level tests, Portland Transportation bureau, trade information, concrete steel, Chicago drainage canal, ship canals, Augusta Cotton and Compress Company, Sooysmith case, Consolidated Gas Company, masonry, book binding, Columbia Railway Company, jetties, land grades, Chesapeake and Delaware canal, water wheels, pneumatic lock, tunnel arches, rifton power, Hutton's health, elevators, Brooklyn Bridge Terminals, girder weights, legal issues and their results, rating table for the Potomac, land profiles, transmission lines, transformers, water turbines, and water power on the Potomac River.

Correspondents for this series include the following: Captain Montgomery C. Meigs, Captain T.W. Symons, William Bryan, Ernest Flagg, John Hurd, Jake Wolfe, J.C. Saunders, J.H. Dolph, Charles J. Allen, G.H. Mendell, Virgil S. Bogue, B.A. Mounnerlyn, Edward Burr, H.G. Prout, R. William, H. Dodge, C.R. Suter, M. Mink, W.R. King, John Lyons, Alex Brown and Sons, John G. Butler, D. Condon, Bernard Carter, R.P. McCormick, D.R. Magruder, Andrew Banks, Isaac Solomon, C.J. Mayer, C.W. Kern, John Herring, James S. Mackie, D.R. Magunde, D. Rittaguide, R.S. Stevens, J.L. Raudolph (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad), J.M. Lane, W.D. Stuart, W.G.P. Palmer (Committee Church of the Ascension), C. Crozet, General W. Hughes, V.R. Maus, J.M. Hood (Western Maryland Railroad Company), Ernest Pontzen, M. Haus, William F. Craighill, Harry Hutton, John W. Pearce, Reverend James A. Harrald, William Watson, A.L. Rives, Thomas Monro, A.F. Croswan (Commander United States Navy), H.R. Garden, William McAlpine, James Forrest, Wm. Bloomsfield, Daniel Ammen, Linel Wells, A. and Otto Sibeth, Alfred Noble, Clemens Hershel, Sidney Warner, E.H. de Rheville, Theodore Cooper, William Findlay Shunk, Lewis S. Wolfe, Rufus Mead, Theodore F. Taylor, John Bogart, J. Whaler, B. Williamson, Colonel F.V. Greene, Robert H. Sayre (Lehigh Valley Railroad Company), Charles W. Pussey, Louis Q. Rissel, V.C. Bogue, H.C. Eckenberger, Melville E.G. Leston, Edwin Parson, Rudolph Hering, R.S. Hale, F.M. Turner, Thosl Martindale, Justus C. Strawbridge, William M. Ayresm, R.L. Austin, A.M. Miller, P. Livingston Dunn, T.J. Cleaver, C.S. Dutton, H.A. Carson, William Bainbridge Jaudon, H.A. Presset, Thomas H. McCann, Russel Sturgis, H.G. Prout, Alexis H. French, John K. Cowen, F.W. Williams, J. Waldorf, B.H. Byrant, B.H. Jones, M.H. Rogers, J.W. Ogden, General W. Cashing, William Longhudge, A.J. Cameron, T.L. Patterson, J.J. Hagerman, H. Wigglesworth, Charles B. Rowland, E. Bantz, W.G. Lathrop, Clarence King, George Rowland, George A. Tibbals (Continental Iron Works), George N. Vanderbilt, Eugene C. Lewis, F.P. Burt, Colonel John C. Clarke, Lieutenant Thomas Turtle, W.S.M. Scott, E. Bates Dorsey, Bernard Carter, George M. Shriver (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad), Russel Sturgis, Macmillan Publishing, James Abernethy, B. Baker, J.G.W. Fynje, A. Mallet, Jean Hersuy, L.F. Vernon Horcourt, Robert Lilley, A.J. Johnson, F.M. Colby, Henry D. Loney, A.S. Cameron, James A. Harrald, William Watson, John B. Lervis, A.L. Rives, Edwin F. Bidell, Frank H. Stockett, E. McMahon, C.F. Elgin, Enrique Budge, G. Clayton Gardiner, Dwight Porter, William A. Chapman, T.E. Sickels, Theodore Cooper, C.J. Warner, Institution of Civil Engineers, Robert Gordon, United States Coast of Geodetic Survey Office, C.P. Pattun, J.N. Putnam, Sidney B. Warner, H.D. Fisher, Union Pacific Railway Company, Lewis S. Wolle, George E. Waring Junior, The American Exhibition, G.F. Swain, American Society of Civil Engineers, N.H. Whitten, U.S. Engineer Office, Government Works Committee, J.J. Hagerman, D. Jackson, Sterling Iron and Railway Company, E.P. Alexander, E. Williamson, Central Railway Company of New Jersey, William A. Underwood, F. Collingwood, James Dun (Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad Company), Henry F. Kilburn, Louis A. Bissell, Virgil G. Boque, H.C. Eckenberger, Melville Egleston, Charles Parson, George Swain, Continental Iron Works, Rudolph Hering, J.B. Gordon, Mayor's Office (Baltimore), Harry Robinson, Pennsylvania Railway Company, W.H. Gahagan, L. Luiggi, B.H. Bryant, T.J. Cleaver (Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Company), H.A. Carson, H.A. Presset (Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey), John K. Cowen, Vernon H. Brown, J. Waldorf, B.H. Bryant, L.F. Root, P.W. White, Metropolitan Railroad Company, Charles F. Mayer (Consolidated Coal Company, Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad Company), J.M. Lane (Western Maryland Railroad), Dr. R.S. Stewart (Annapolis and Elk Ridge Railroad), Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad (John Lyons, John G. Butler, D. Candon, R.P. McCormick, Andrew Banks), Thomas F. Rowland, J.A. Bensel, Walton Aims, S.D. Coykendall, H.C. Rogers, John F. Ward, T.B. Jewell, H.A. Pressey, C.S. Armstrong, J. Nennett, V.G. Bague.

Series 3, Personal Correspondence, 1850-1942, contains correspondence with immediate and extended family, specifically the heirs to the Benjamin H. Hutton and Joseph Hutton estates and Adele Gorman. Correspondence is primarily arranged chronologically, but some files have been divided based on subject or author (the Deer Park and Adele Gorman files), or by form (the Telegrams, and Cablegrams file). Special note is made of the posthumous correspondence file, which includes correspondence both relating to Hutton's death and correspondence that was written by family members after the years of his death. The series contains both hand written and typed letters. Some correspondence is in French. The correspondence demonstrates his relationship with his children specifically Elizabeth (Bessie) Hutton, and illuminates his role in his family. This series also provides details about nineteenth century upper class society and activities. Special note should be made that this folder does not contain all of the personal correspondence contained in the collection. Some correspondence has been separated according to recipient, or subject in order to make researching these recipients or subjects easier.

Series 3 correspondence topics include: estate payments, distribution of assets, funds transfers, estate lines, conflicts with tenants, sketches, lot maintenance, real estate sales, deeds, real estate sales negotiations, congratulations wishes on new babies, family illnesses, family affairs and travels, traveling directions, personal investments, invitations for social occasions, family debts, professional interests, professional and personal appointments, family issues, requests for money, sketches, advice to children (specifically Frank Hutton), life insurance, books, letters of introduction, legal issues, funeral expenses, charity donations, advertisements, minutes from professional organizations, army enlistment, deaths of friends and family, recipes, estimates of personal expenses, renovations, stock certificates (Great Northern Railway Company, New York), food, social activities, the weather, marriages, real estate and construction plans, and loan agreements.

Correspondents include the following: Frank Hutton, Thomas B. Brookes, J.L. Marcauley, C.M. Matthews, Edward J. Hancy, John M. Wilson, H.A. Carson, William H. Wiley (of John Wiley and Sons Scientific Publishers, New York), Georgina Hutton, Pierre and Jane Casson, George McNaughlin, Henrietta Hutton, Aaron Pennington Whitehead, J.B. Wheeler, B. Williamson, Robert De Forest, Elizabeth (Bessie) Hutton, Grace Beukard, J.C. Saunders, Mary Hutton, William J. Pennington, C.S. Hurd, Henry C. Cooper, Henry J. Segers, S.F. Miller, Annie Theller, Alfred Noble, Maria Burton, Joseph Hobson, E. Lennon, F. Hulberg, Charles Gordon Hutton, Edward C. Ebert, A. William Lewin, E.R. Dunn, William P. Craighill, Theodore Cooper, P.I. Chapelle, Anita McAlpine, Clarence King, Victoria Raymond, and Adele Gorman.

Series 4, Personal Materials, 1835-1946, contains documentation about Hutton's personal finances, role as executor of the Benjamin H. Hutton, Joseph Hutton, Annie Theller, and Countess H. De Moltke-Hvitfeldt estates, Mary Augusta Hutton (wife), Mary Hutton (daughter), Frank Hutton, John Caulfield (son-in-law), and B.F. and C.H. Hutton. The series has been divided into four subseries: Financial Records, 1876-1901, Estate and Real Estate Records, 1835-1921, Other Huttons, 1876-1936, and Personal Material, 1878-1946. Subseries 2, Estate and Real Estate Records, 1835-1921, contains correspondence relating to specific family estates and family members. This correspondence was separated from Series 3, Personal Correspondence, 1850-1942, to make it easier for researchers to access all records relating to the family estates. This series includes hand written, typed, and printed materials. Some materials are in French. All material dated after 1901 has been added to the collection by other creators such as Hutton's wife and children.

Subseries 1, Financial Records, 1876-1901, includes account books, account records, correspondence related to bank accounts, bank statements, financial notes, bills and proofs of payment, rent receipts, tax bills (New York, Flatbush, Montgomery County), checks, money exchanges, receipts for tax payments, real estate receipts, stock and bond certificates, loan agreements, executor accounts, rebate calculation sheet, and tax and insurance payments.

Subseries 2, Estate and Real Estate Records, 1835-1921, includes property maps and information (rent, mortgage costs, deeds), correspondence, notes on estate distribution, estate assets, value of estate and estate payments, account records, loan agreements, receipts, proof of payments, checks, financial records, legal documents, insurance documents, tax bills, auction receipts, and wills relating to the estates of Benjamin H. Hutton, Joseph Hutton, Countess H. de Moltke-Hivtfeldt, Annie Theller, and William R. Hutton. Also included are correspondence, property maps and information, and deeds and mortgages on Hutton properties.

Subseries 2, the estate and real estate records correspondence topics include: Virginia state building codes, construction costs, construction notices, purchasing offers for property, real estate prices, receipts of payments, property lines, real estate purchases and sales, real estate sales negotiations, deeds insurance estimates and costs, loan costs, property estimates, renovation costs, mortgages, property damages and repairs, property tax payments, insurance rates and payments, rent payments, telephone installation, building permits, rental agreements, reports on property condition, contracts of sale, conflicts with tenants, changes of address, deeds, distribution of estate monies, details about the Countess' illness, estate arrangements, changes of address, problems arising out of estate distribution, payment of debts, will details, selling of mortgage shares, accounts, estate settlement, money cables and transfers, dealings with lawyers, rent on Hutton Park property, legal and accounting fees, power of attorney transfer, investments, property security, land appraisals, lists of assets, legacy taxes, mortgages transfers, property management, Flatbush property, property rent and values, and physicians bills.

Correspondents include the following: A.C. Weeks, Walter I. Green, John D. Probsh, A.G. Darwin, Thomas H. McCann, Allan Farguhar, Thomas Dawson, Potter and Crandall Real Estate and Insurance Brokers, George C. Tilyou, H.D. Olephant, F. Winston, Richard E. Calbraith, Frank P. Martin, Henry DeForest, Henry C. Cooper, Metropolitan Telephone and Telegraph Company, John Ecker, C.K. Avevill, Georgina Hutton, Edward J. Hancy, Robert Graham, W.M. Bennett, Willis E. Merriman, Nathan L. Miller, Harry Hutton, Marquise de Portes (Adele Gorman), Annie Theller, Samuel L. Theller, Mrs. R. Locke, Frank Z. Adams, John Palmer (Secretary of State, New York), J.T. Cammeyer, Frank P. Martin, Florence Theller, Francis H. Seger, Henry C. Cooper, D.W.G. Cammeyer, Campbell W. Adams, Jane Casson, Elizabeth Hutton, Rene de Portes, H.G. Atkins, Grace Beukard, Aaron Pennington Muikhead, J.E. Delapalme, T.H. Powers, Egerton L. Winthrop Junior, George B. Glover, William Jay and Robert W. Candler, B. Williamson, J.E. Knaff, Cornelius C. Vermeule, S.V. Hayden, Charles G. Landon[?], H.A. Hurlbert, F.A. Black, John L. Calwalder, the Health Department of New York, A.G. Darwin, William Laue, Frederick Frelinghuysen, Charles S. Brown, Henrietta Hutton, Edward Gelon.

Subseries 3, Other Huttons, 1874-1936, includes professional drawings and proposals, checks, insurance information, correspondence, tax information, medical information, tax bills, relating to Mary Augusta Hutton (wife), Mary Hutton (daughter), Henry and Harry Hutton, Frank Hutton (son), John Caulfield (son-in-law), B.F. Hutton, and C.H. Hutton.

Subseries 4, Personal Materials, 1878-1946, contains handwritten property notes, school notes, sermons, travel documents, menus, Christmas cards, jewelry box, postal guide, typed religious materials and flyers.

Series 5, Diaries, 1866-1901, contains twenty nine diary books that document both Hutton's personal and professional life. These diaries provide not only a record of Hutton's life, but were also used by Hutton himself as a reference tool. When working on projects he would refer to notes and observations he made in his diary (as evidenced by notes made in his diaries). The first pages of the diaries often list his height, weight and clothing sizes as they varied from year to year. A researcher could probably use the cashbooks (see Series 7) and the diaries in conjunction as both detail the purchases made by Hutton. Many of the diaries also include a short record of accounts in the back. The diaries are arranged chronologically.

Topics found in the diaries include short form accounts of daily activities and appointments, records of the weather, Chesapeake and Ohio Canal project, construction progress on projects, steam pumps, sketches and calculations, extension of Washington railroads, cost of food, work supplies, travel costs, costs of goods and food, work deadlines, home renovations, visits to family, cash accounts, accounts of household duties, produce on Woodlands property, records of deaths, debts owed, account of clearing Woodlands property, church visits, Hancock and Tonoloway Aqueduct, canals, Drum Point Railroad, Montgomery C. Meigs, Washington Aqueduct, Annapolis Water Works, telegram costs, wages for Chesapeake and Ohio Canal project, William Craighill, Morris Canal, Annapolis Railroad and Canal, professional duties (inspections), Kanawha River Canal, travel schedules, professional expenses, cash received from Chesapeake and Ohio Canal project, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, John's Dam, cathedral construction (St. Patricks?), Piedmont Bridge, Cumberland, account of farm property belonging to Major Campbell Bruns, Cunard Pier, Marquise de Portes, rent costs, Baltimore Canal, Kingston Water Supply, Croton Orange Estate, Pierre Casson, Hudson River Tunnel, Washington/Harlem River Bridge, entertainment costs, Greenwood cemetery, train schedule, notes on illness, real estate sales, Hutton Park, Benjamin H. Hutton estate and heirs, estimates, accounts of correspondence received and sent, Central Railroad, rent on Orange properties, addresses, contracts and building supplies for projects, personal finances, Joseph Hutton property on Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, amounts paid and received, medical appointments, Ramapo Water Company, drawing progress of maps and diagrams, Harbor Board (New York), property repairs, inspection and test reports, reservoirs, lists of birthdays, Boston Tunnel, family financial issues, tax payments, and prayers.

Series 6, Notebooks, 1860-1900, document the engineering and architectural projects worked on by Hutton. The series has been divided into three subseries: Subseries 1, Engineering and Survey Field Notes, 1860-1899; Subseries 2, Notebooks, 1871-1886; and Subseries 3, Notes, 1863-1900. Subseries 1, Engineering and Survey Field Notes, 1860-1899, contains sixteen field notebooks used by Hutton. Subseries 2, Notebooks, 1871-1886, contains seven notebooks. Subseries three, Notes, 1863-1900, contains four documents.

Some notebooks correspond to specific projects such as the Kanawha River Canal (lockgate and Phoenix Waterline), Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, Buffalo Reservoir, Potomac Lock and Dock Company, Northern Adirondack Railroad account, Washington Aqueduct, Little Rock Bridge, Wilson-Adam Dock, Croten Brick Works, Hutton Park, Centennial Iron Works, Cumberland Canal, Williamsport Aqueduct, Catoctin Aqueduct, Alexandria Canal, Miller's Saw Mill, Seneca Dam, Union Tunnel, Cumberland Waterworks, Victoria Bridge, Welland Canal, North Sea Canal, Ramapo Water Company, Annapolis Water Company, Antietam Aqueduct, Interoceanic Canal, San Quentin Canal, Suez Canal, Amsterdam Canal, Harlem Bulkhead, Morris Canal, Blue Lake Canal, and Nicaragua Canal.

These notebooks should be used in conjunction with the other materials in the collection related to professional projects, as they often provide more detailed accounts of the construction and land surveys. Some of the notebooks contain entries from several different sources. The notebooks were probably shared among the engineers working on these projects. The notebooks also contain looseleaf ephemera such as hand written calculations, newspaper clippings, and blueprints. Languages found in this series are English and French.

Notebook topics include construction projects, supply needs, costs for labor, sketches (Woodland Mills, landscapes, dams, railway cars, Noland Tunnel), costs of crops, survey measurements, cost of livestock, aqueducts, inspections, canal bridges, seed prices, dams, measurements, coffer dam, canal maintenance, worker salaries, calculations, towpath sketches and measurements, shipping rates, worker accidents, water and coal used, geometrical sketches (Washington Aqueduct), locks, damage reports, interactions with other engineers (William Reading), coal shipments on the canal, travel expenses, land survey notes, drafts for correspondence, William Craighill, Victoria docks, lists of personal supplies used, construction time estimates, surveying expenses, telegram costs, sand pump, canal from Sherling to Tuxedo Bay, analysis of several artificial lakes and reservoirs, distances of reservoirs to main pipes, calculations for the Austin Wheel, engine construction, bridges, gauging water depth, results and observations of tests and performance, problems with construction, to-do lists, cost of land surrounding towpaths, Fawcett's Lock, Tarman's Lock, comparison of costs in transporting coal by water and by rail, inspection notes, iron work, drainages, leaks, cost of supplies, watergates, harbor ferries, railroad station distances, flood protection, Panama Canal via the Nicaraguan route, cost of jetties, water levels, pressure of steam, boilers, steam and water cycle, water depth, cement, Great Falls, Virginia, waterflow, soundings, time of floats, flow of currents, rain fall measurements, tunnel measurements, cost of trenching San Francisco water supply, record of livestock, cost of food, rates of sawing woods and mills, preliminary railroad line measurements, profile of final line, and railroad line profiles.

Series 7, Cash Books, 1856-1899, contains seven cashbooks which list prices for personal items purchased by Hutton. Topics include groceries, church dues, clothes, hygiene products, cigars, some short journal entries about his work (Williamstown), concerts, dinners, family addresses, cakes, meals, cars, stamps, office supplies (pencils and papers), valentines, glasses, gloves, fabric, medicine, needles, diapers, tobacco, shoes (adult and childrens), travel expenses, telegrams, candles, newspapers, liquor, coal oil, jewelry, allowances given to family members, bank deposits, monies paid and received, taxes, subscriptions, tailoring costs, deposits and payments into estate trusts, and notes about payments to Benjamin H. Hutton heirs. The cashbooks also contain some personal loose leaf ephemera such as prayers, sketches, and engineering notes collected by Hutton.

Series 8, Professional Projects, 1830-1965, contains documents about engineering and architectural projects throughout Hutton's career, including information about the professional organizations and the legal issues in which he was involved. This series has been divided into eight subseries based on project, document form, and document subject. Some materials are in French and Italian.

Series 8, Professional Projects, also includes correspondence related to specific projects, primarily the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, the Hudson River Tunnel, the Washington/Harlem River Bridge, and the Georgetown Incline.

Topics include construction and repair to the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, engineering and use of Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, worker contracts, supply and labor purchases, design plans and proposals, construction and repair costs, supply notes and costs of supplies, water pressure and power, shipping materials and routes (specifically the shipping of coal), inspections and their findings, condition of canal dam and locks, water supply, drainage, sketches, board proceedings, business meetings, deeds, cost comparisons to other shipping methods, hiring processes, wages, cost estimates, Hutton's consulting fees, measurements and calculations, funding issues, worker conflicts, negotiations with municipal governments, payment schedules, bills for services, air pressure in Hudson River Tunnel, permission for construction, specifications, mortality rate among workers on the Hudson River Tunnel, construction reports, outlet incline, proposals for construction, letters of introduction, railroad versus water for trade, controversy with Tiersey, construction contracts, construction schedules, construction issues, construction progress, construction damage, basis for estimates, supply requests, internal politics, changes to construction plans, contract and price adjustments, issues with suppliers, construction delays, work permits, bills, worker issues, engineering notes, construction excavations, expenses, construction instructions, Union Bridge Company, lighting installations, construction processes, hiring practices, electrical conductors, water proofing, hydraulics, cement, concrete, payment of contributors, processes of approval for construction, meeting dates of the Harlem River Bridge Commission, and contract restrictions.

Correspondents include the following: W.W.M. Kaig, Henry Dodge, E. Mulvany, John Shay, James Clarke, H.D. Whitcomb, Horace Benton, J. Rellan, J.R. Maus, W.E. Merrill, A.P. Gorman, J.H. Staats, Vernon H. Brown, Charles H. Fisher (New York Central and Hudson River Railway Company), B. Baker, John Fowler, Benjamin and John Dos Passos, Charles B. Colby, Charles B. Brush, S. Pearson, Stanford White, Horace E. Golding, R.H. Smith, Daniel Lord, A. Fteley, Herbert Hinds, J.R. Bartlett, D.M. Hirsch, M.H. Bartholomew, Thomas O. Driscoll, W.E. Porter, Thomas F. Rowland, George Edward Harding, R.H. Dames, William Watson, James B. Eads, J.D. Bright, H. Aston, Charles Suley, A.M. Maynard, W.R. Henton, G. Geddes, H.P. Gilbut, Malcolm W. Niver (Secretary of the Harlem River Bridge Commission), J.D. Patterson, George Devin (Assistant Engineer Washington/ Harlem River Bridge), J.B. Wheeler, John Bogart, Charles Burns, J. McClellon, Rob Bassee, B. Williamson, Theodore Cooper, Lewis Cass Ledyard, R.M. Hunt, John Cooper, Henry Wilson, A.A. Caille, Myles Tierney, W. Pentzen, L.B. Cantfield, George Q. Grumstaid Junior, M.J. Funton, George Pierce, W.O. Fayerweather, Noah S. Belthen, Herbert Steward, W.M. Habirsham. Subseries 1, Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, 1828-1965, consists of plans, blueprints, land profiles, drawings, boat rates, contract forms, order forms, descriptions of the canal, design information, engineering data, sketches, cost estimates, land titles, microfilm, business papers, supply bills, patent bills, news clippings, reports, specifications, stockholder's reports, receipts, water leases, printed materials, and correspondence.

The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal project was started in 1828 and completed twenty two years later in 1850. The canal's main objective was to connect Georgetown to the coal banks above Cumberland, Maryland, providing a short and cheap trade route between the eastern and western United States. It was also hoped that the canal would provide greater communication and travel between these two regions. Plagued by natural disasters, and construction setbacks, the canal was never completed in time to be useful and became obsolete shortly after its completion. Canal trade was eventually put out of business by the increase of railroads. Although it was an important development in engineering at its inception, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal is no longer in use and has become what locals affectionately refer to as "the old ditch." The canal was designated a National Historical Park in 1971 and consists of 184.5 miles of hiking and biking trails.

Subseries 2, Hudson River Tunnel, 1887-1901, consists of agreements for construction, certificates, contracts, and cost estimates, construction reports, engineering notebooks, engineering notes, sketches, land profiles, maps, progress profiles, plans, proposals, printed material, statements of expenses, and correspondence.

The Hudson River Tunnel project was started in 1874, and the final tubes were opened in 1910 after several construction setbacks. The tunnel connects Weehawken, New Jersey and Pennsylvania Station in Manhattan, New York City. Today the Hudson River Tunnel, known as the North River Tunnels is used by Amtrak's Northeast Corridor and New Jersey Transit rail lines.

Subseries 3, Harlem River Bridge, 1878-1982, consists of blueprints, printed materials, photographs, engineer's estimates, schedules, costs, reports, proposals, contracts, specifications, and correspondence.

The Harlem River Bridge project was started in 1885 and was completed in 1889. It spans the Harlem River in New York City, New York and connects the Washington Heights section of Manhattan with the Bronx. It was later named and is still known as the Washington Bridge and has been adapted over time to carry highway traffic. These adaptations have allowed the bridge to remain in use today.

Subseries 4, Other Projects, 1858-1832, consists of drawings, maps, blueprints, plans, proposals, cost estimates, bills, correspondence, sketches, land profiles, dimensions, engineering notes, account records, photostats, supply lists, calculations, legal documents, surveys, inspection reports, financial data, and measurements on architectural and engineering projects. Highlights of this subseries include: Western Maryland Railroad, Washington Aqueduct, Panama Canal, Ramapo Water Company, Piedmont Bridge, Northern Adirondack Railroad, Columbia Railroad, Morris Canal, Pittsfield and Williamstown Railroad, Suez Canal, St. Gothard Canal, Tansa Dam, Colorado Midland Railroad Company, Memorial Bridge, Mersey Tunnel, Little Rock Bridge, Kingston Water Supply, Kanawha River Canal, Florida Ship Canal, East Jersey Water Company, Consolidated Coal Company, Dismal Swamp Canal, Boston and Baltimore Tunnels, St. Patrick's Cathedral, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Annapolis Water Company, Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad Company, and the Baltimore Beltline.

Subseries 5, Unidentified Project Files, 1872-1900, consists of bills of sale, engineering forms and regulations, cement test results and methods, census bulletin, contracts, cost estimates, correspondence, notes on publications, engineering data and notes, drawings, surveys, sketches, payrolls, photographs, and reports.

Subseries 6, Specifications, 1870-1900, consists of documents related to some of Hutton's projects, including specifications for bridges, reservoirs, canals, viaducts, docks, buildings, water works, and tunnels. Some specifications are more general, and some are blank proposal/specification forms. There are also proposals for estimates and a "call" or advertisement to contractors to bid on certain projects. Many of the specifications deal with projects in New York State, but projects in Pennsylvania, the City of Baltimore, and Europe are represented. The materials are arranged alphabetically by project name. There is one folder of documentation for the Potomac River Bridge (Arlington Memorial Bridge) in Washington, D.C. The Arlington Memorial Bridge was part of the 1901 McMillan Commission's plan for restoring Pierre (Peter) Charles L'Enfant's original plan for the capital. Two decades passed before construction was initiated by the architectural firm McKim, Mead, and White. The documentation for the Memorial Bridge consists of calculations and monetary figures for materials such as granite.

Subseries 7, Legal Documents, 1886, contains documents related to a patent infringement suit for moveable dams involving Alfred Pasqueau vs. the United States. This file contains both a printed version of the case and a handwritten statement from Hutton.

Subseries 8, Professional Organizations, 1870-1902, contains documents related to professional organizations where Hutton held membership. Specific organizations represented are American Institute of Architects, American Society of Civil Engineers, Institution of Civil Engineers, Boston Society of Civil Engineers, Societe des Ingenieurs Civils de France, Librarie Polytechnique, American Agency of "Engineering" in London, Imperial Institute, League of Associated Engineers, Railroad Corporation, American Institute of Mining Engineers, and the Century Association. Material in the subseries includes correspondence, candidates for membership, membership payments, membership lists, meeting minutes, schedule of terms, professional practices, charges, articles of association, invitations for membership, and election notes. Some materials are in French.

Series 9, Printed Materials, 1850-1913, contains a variety of printed materials relating to engineering and architectural projects written by Hutton and fellow engineers. This series can be used to examine not only professional developments of the period and responses to those developments, but also to track how ideas were transferred between engineers across countries and continents. This series should be used in conjunction with the professional correspondence found in this collection, as many of the authors also appear there. Some materials are in French, German, Spanish, and Italian.

Subseries 1, Printed Materials by Hutton, 1852-1900, includes printed papers on the Missouri flood wave, the Ravine du Sud, the Potomac waterfront, the Colorado midlands, and the application of water supply machinery.

Subseries 2, Printed Materials by Others, 1826-1913, includes printed materials on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canals, Tehuantec Ship Railway, Interoceanic canals and railways, jetties, Nicaragua Canal, uses of cements, mortars, concretes, steam power, harbors, Niagara Falls, Kanawha River canal, Mississippi River, Hudson River Bridge, sewage disposal, Washington Aqueduct, specifications, construction progress reports, hydraulic experiments, water supply, drainage, road surfacing, sea walls, water-cooling apparatus, pollution reports, bridges, pipes, channels, reservoirs, irrigation, water power, and sewers.

Subseries 2 contains an issue of The North American Review in which Hutton has specifically highlighted an article entitled, "The Inter-Oceanic Canal." Please see the container list for names of authors.

Subseries 3, Printed Materials with No Author, 1852-1903, includes printed materials on harbor reports, Annapolis Water Company, Ramapo Water Company, water departments and boards, maps, engineer's reports, sea walls, preservation of structures, annual reports, Coal and Iron Railway Company, sewers, Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad, contract specifications, proposals, social club life, Croton Water Supply, law suits, water supplies, moveable dams, reservoirs, East River Bridge, Eastern Canal, water filtration, Kingston New Water Supply, water pipes, locks, docks, contracts, construction reports, Croton Water Supply, and surveys. Also included are issues of journals such as Le Correspondant, Circular of the Office of Chief Engineers, The Club, VIII Congres International de Navigation, Journal of the Association of Engineering Studies, and Journal of the Franklin Institute.

Subseries 4, Newspaper, Journals and Magazine Clippings, 1873-1900, contains clippings from a variety of newspapers such as Scientific American, andRailroad Gazette. Subjects included are the Union Tunnel opening in Baltimore, Drum Point Railroad, railroad company conflicts, Washington/Harlem River Bridge, Metropolitan Railroad, Western Maryland Railroad, crop prospects, lumber trade, North Avenue Bridge, Nicaraguan Canal, harbors, river improvements, reactions to engineering projects, Belt tunnel, city transit, Washington, D.C. flood in 1880, tunnel shields, Springfield Bridge, railroad patents, Panama Canal, jetties, Hudson Tunnel, steel boilers, composition and use of cement, and the Brooklyn Bridge.

Subseries 5, Oversized Printed Materials, 1889-1892, contains large printed materials related to the Washington Aqueduct, General Post Office Building, subway arches, cornices, Warwick's Castle, Neuschwanstein Castle, Renaissance paintings, botanical drawings, school buildings, church architecture, the Hospital for the Insane of the Army and Navy and the District of Columbia, the Panama Canal, Morningside Park, and the Mississippi Jetties. Also includes engravings of Hutton, T.N. Talfound, and F. Jeffrey and photographs of Montgomery C. Meigs, and Hutton. Some materials are in German and French.

References:

1. Ward, George Washington, "The Early Development of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Project," Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science Series XVII, no. 9-11 (1899): 8.

2. Ibid., 88.

3. Ibid., 55.

4. Ibid., 90.

5. Sanderlin, Walter S., "The Great National Project: A History of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal," Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science Series LXIV, no. 1 (1946): 21.

6. Ibid., 282.

7. Gies, Joseph, Adventure Underground (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Company Inc., 1962): 134.

8. Ibid., 131-132.

9. Ibid., 135-136.

10. Ibid., 145.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into ten series.

Series 1: Letterpress Copybooks, 1858-1901

Series 2: Professional Correspondence, 1861-1901

Subseries 2.1: Project Correspondence, 1876-1899

Subseries 2.2: General Correspondence, 1861-1901

Series 3: Personal Correspondence, 1850-1942

Series 4: Personal Materials, 1835-1946

Subseries 4.1: Financial Records, 1876-1901

Subseries 4.2: Estate and Real Estate Records, 1835-1921

Subseries 4.3: Other Huttons, 1874-1936

Subseries 4.4: Personal Materials, 1878-1946

Series 5: Diaries, 1866-1901

Series 6: Notebooks, 1860-1900

Subseries 6.1: Engineering and Survey Field Notes, 1860-1899

Subseries 6.2: Notebooks, 1871-1886

Subseries 6.3: Notes, 1863-1900

Series 7: Cashbooks, 1856-1899

Series 8: Professional Projects, 1830-1965

Subseries 8.1: Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, 1828-1965

Subseries 8.2: Hudson River Tunnel, 1887-1901

Subseries 8.3: Harlem River Bridge, 1878-1892

Subseries 8.4: Other Projects, 1858-1932

Subseries 8.5: Identified Project Files, 1872-1900

Subseries 8.6: Specifications, 1870-1900

Subseries 8.7: Legal Documents, 1886

Subseries 8.8: Professional Organizations, 1870-1902

Series 9: Printed Materials, 1826-1913

Subseries 9.1: Printed Materials by Hutton, 1852-1900

Subseries 9.2: Printed Materials by Others, 1826-1913

Subseries 9.3: Newspaper, Journals, and Magazine Clippings, 1855-1901

Subseries 9.4: Oversized Printed Material, 1889-1892

Series 10: Drawings, 1875, 1883
Biographical / Historical:
Not much is known about the history of William Rich Hutton outside of his role in architectural and engineering projects of the late 1800s and early 1900s. In many cases, he is spoken of only in reference to his projects, and the short biographies that have been written read more like a resume than a life story. Because of this lack of information, this note will focus on Hutton's professional accomplishments, but will attempt to make some comments on his personal life.

William Rich Hutton was born on March 21, 1826 in Washington, D.C., the eldest son of James Hutton (died 1843) and his wife, the former Salome Rich (1). He was educated at the Western Academy (Washington, D.C.) from 1837-1840 under George J. Abbot and then at Benjamin Hallowell's School in Alexandria, Virginia, where he received special training in mathematics, drawing, and surveying (2). Hutton began his professional career in California when he, along with his younger brother James, accompanied their uncle William Rich to work for the United States Army. His uncle was a paymaster for the army and Hutton became his clerk. They traveled around the new state paying the various platoons stationed there, but Hutton also occupied his time by drawing the landscapes and structures he saw in the settlements of Los Angeles, San Francisco, La Paz, Mazatlan, Santa Barbara, Monterey, San Pedro, San Diego, and Cape San Lucas (3). These drawings are now held by the Huntington Library in San Marino, California. Hutton held the position of clerk until the spring of 1849, and in July of that year he began working with Lieutenant Edward O.C. Ord and completed the first survey of Los Angeles and its surrounding pueblo lands and islands. Hutton continued surveying in California from 1850-1851. He was hired by William G. Dana to survey the Nipomo Ranch in San Luis Obispo County and also surveyed the ranches Santa Manuela and Huer-Huero, both owned by Francis Z. Branch. After his employment with Dana, he became the county surveyor for San Luis Obispo County, where he prepared the first survey and map of the region. He also continued to survey ranches for Captain John Wilson during this time. In August 1851, he resigned from his position as county surveyor and moved to Monterey where he worked as an assistant to Captain (later General) Henry W. Hallack, superintendent of the New Almaden Quicksilver Mine in Santa Clara County (4). He remained in this position until March, 1853 when he returned to Washington, D.C. by way of Mexico (5).

Hutton began his career as a civil engineer in Washington, D.C. He was first assigned to the position of assistant engineer on a survey of the projected Metropolitan Railroad in 1853, which was chartered to connect Washington, D.C. with the mainline of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. In 1855 he began his professional relationship with Montgomery C. Meigs when he was appointed to the position of assistant engineer on the Washington Aqueduct. He also served as division engineer on this project until construction was shut down in 1861 because of the outbreak of the Civil War. Fortunately for Hutton, the construction on the Aqueduct was resumed in 1862, and when Congress transferred the supervision of the aqueduct project from the War Department to the Department of the Interior, Hutton was made chief engineer. By the end of the Civil War, Hutton's reputation as a civil engineer was established (6).

During this decade Hutton also served as the chief engineer for the Annapolis Water Works (1866) and as chief engineer for one of his most famous projects, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (1869-1871). Although some historians minimize Hutton as just one of many engineers to work on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, he did make one major contribution to its construction: the Georgetown Canal Incline. Perhaps the final effort of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal company to compete with the emerging and fast expanding railroad, the Georgetown Incline was designed to allow canal boats to travel through the canal with low water levels and to alleviate canal congestion. Unfortunately, by the time the incline was completed use of the canal had decreased so significantly that it was no longer needed to help control traffic (7). Despite this, Hutton continued to work as a consulting engineer for the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company until 1881, when he was let go because of the dwindling fortunes of the company (7).

In the 1870s and 1880s Hutton was busy with several engineering projects. During 1871-1873, he was the chief engineer in the completion of the Western Maryland Railroad to Hagerstown and Williamsport (9). He also practiced as an architect with his brother, the prominent Baltimore architect Nathanial Henry Hutton, during the years 1873-1880. He relocated to New York in 1880, serving as chief engineer for the Washington Bridge in 1888 and 1889 and the Hudson River Tunnel from 1889 to 1891. In 1886, he became the consulting engineer for the New Croton Aqueduct and served in the same position for the Colorado Midland Railway between the years of 1886-1889 (10).

As his personal and professional correspondence shows, Hutton continued to work on various engineering and architectural projects until his death on December 11, 1901. In addition to these projects, he also invented the innovative system of locks and moveable dams used in the Kanawha River Canal. He was awarded the Diplome d'Honneur for this featat the Paris Exposition in 1878 (11). His correspondence also demonstrates how Hutton was respected within his professional community. These letters refer to the accuracy of his work, his willingness to help other colleagues and supply them with reference materials and information, and, in addition to all this, his politeness. It seems that these qualities defined not only his personality but also his ideology. In one of the cashbooks in the collection, dated 1899, a hand written note contains a religious parable of "The Straw." The phrase in this parable that speaks most to Hutton's work ethic, and to the spirit of inventors everywhere, is this: "Even so however lowly may be the act, however little opportunities we may have of assisting others, we may still do something. Let us beg to fulfil our duty in this regards by making ourselves useful to others by some little act of thoughtful charity..." (12). Hutton, in his dedication to civil engineering, seems to have lived up to this virtue, and in his work he changed the landscape of Washington, D.C. and New York.

The Fairy Godfather: Hutton's Personal History

His professional records reveal a man who was fiercely dedicated to his work. His obituary references his professional life more than his personal life (13). Despite his reputation in the professional engineering community, his personal records demonstrate that Hutton was also dedicated to his family and children. In 1855, he married Montgomery County native Mary Augusta Clopper (died 1915). Together they lived on her family's estate known as the Woodlands, and had five children: Frank C. Hutton, Mary Hutton, Elizabeth Hutton (later Caulfield), Rosa Hutton, and Annie Salome Hutton (14). It is at this estate that Hutton died and was buried. The personal letters to his wife found in the Woodlands Collection held at the Montgomery County Historical Society show a man in love and willing to take time from his work to write to his wife. His letters to his children show a similar interest and compassion. In the many letters found in this collection from his daughter Elizabeth (Bessie) one can see a father who is interested in not only his daughter's activities abroad, but also in her opinion. This interest also extends to his son Frank Hutton, as their correspondence shows Hutton offering his son advice on his own engineering projects.

Hutton also served as executor to many of his extended family's estates. Many letters show the conflicts that Hutton had to mediate and the dependence of his cousins on him for advice and money. Although his family was wealthy (his cousin was Benjamin H. Hutton whose daughters married into the court of Napoleon III), they were volatile, and his records seem to indicate that he served as a mediator for many of their disputes. In addition to this, as his nickname of Fairy Godfather suggests, Hutton was always willing to lend his family either financial or moral support when needed. Unfortunately, little other documentation concerning Hutton's personal life exists outside of this collection and the one held at the Montgomery County Historical Society.

References:

1. Waters, Willard O., "Introduction," California 1847-1852 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942).

2. Waters, Willard O., "Memoir," Glances at California 1847-1853 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942): ix.

3. Waters, Willard O., "Introduction," California 1847-1852 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942). and Waters, Willard O., "Memoir," Glances at California 1847-1853 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942): x-xi.

4. Waters, Willard O., "Introduction," California 1847-1852 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942).

5. Waters, Willard O., "Memoir," Glances at California 1847-1853 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942): xvii.

6. Waters, Willard O., "Memoir," Glances at California 1847-1853 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942): xvii-xviii.

7. Skramstad, Harold, "The Georgetown Canal Incline," Technology and Culture, Vol. 10, no. 4 (Oct. 1969): 555.

8. Business Correspondence, Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, 22 February 1881, William R. Hutton Papers, 1830-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, box number 27, folder number 29.

9. "William Rich Hutton," The Club: A Journal of Club Life for Men and Women,(July 1894):37

10. Ibid.

11. Monzione, Joseph, "William R. Hutton," A.P.W.A. Reporter (Sept. 1977): 7.

12. Cashbook, 1899, William R. Hutton Papers, 1830-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, box number 23, folder number 5.

13. The Woodlands Collection, Montgomery County Historical Society.
Related Materials:
Materials in the Archives Center

The Montgomery C. Meigs Papers, 1870-1890, (AC0987). Contains materials relating to the construction of the Washington Aqueduct including a book of drawings illustrating reservoirs, tunnels, culverts, and other structural elements, a Government Senate Document relating to construction progress, scrapbooks created by Meigs that include newspaper clippings about the Washington Aqueduct project, water supply, engineering projects, building construction, architecture and other subjects. Collection is currently unprocessed, but is available for research.

Materials in Other Organizations:

The William Rich Hutton Papers, 1840-1961, are located at the Huntington Library in California (see http://catalog.huntington.org).

The collection contains 95 drawings, 13 letters, and 39 facsimile copies of letters and manuscripts. The illustrative material includes both watercolor and pencil drawings of California (including Los Angeles, Monterey, San Francisco, the New Almaden Quicksilver Mine, and the California missions), Baja California, Mexico, and Peru. There are also five pieces in the collection related to the author María Amparo Ruiz de Burton. In 1942, the Huntington Library published Glances at California 1847--853: Diaries and Letters of William Rich Hutton, Surveyor and California 1847--852: Drawings by William Rich Hutton.

The Hutton family papers are located at the Montgomery County Historical Society, Sween Library (see http://www.montgomeryhistory.org/sites/default/files/Family_Files.pdf).

The collection contains account books from the Woodlands estate, recipe books, livestock records, records of Mary Augusta Hutton (wife), Mary and Rose Hutton (daughters), newspaper clippings (including his obituary), correspondence, record books, deeds, bills and receipts, engineering papers, religious momentos (funeral service cards), and insurance papers.
Provenance:
The collection was donated by Mr. and Mrs. James J. Madine, a relative of Hutton's and last owners of the Woodlands estate; the Department of Forests and Parks, Maryland; Louis Fischer; and Mr. and Mrs. Mayo S. Stuntz, 1965-1966, 1974.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
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Canals -- Maryland  Search this
Canals -- Design and construction  Search this
Bridges -- United States  Search this
Waterworks  Search this
Tunnels  Search this
Tunnels -- New York (N.Y.)  Search this
Construction -- Washington (D.C.)  Search this
Underground construction  Search this
Locks and dams  Search this
Shipping  Search this
Iron and steel bridges  Search this
Sewage disposal  Search this
Railroads -- Maryland  Search this
Railroads -- 19th century  Search this
Railroad engineering  Search this
Railroad companies  Search this
Aqueducts  Search this
Arch bridges  Search this
Architects -- 19th century  Search this
Books  Search this
Bridges -- New York (N.Y.)  Search this
Bridges -- Design and construction  Search this
Bridge construction industry -- United States  Search this
Engineering notebooks  Search this
Docks  Search this
Domestic and family life  Search this
Architecture -- United States  Search this
Architecture -- Washington (D.C.)  Search this
Harlem River Bridge  Search this
Western Maryland Railroad  Search this
Annapolis Waterworks  Search this
Steam engineering  Search this
Harlem River Bridge Commission  Search this
Washington (D.C.) -- 19th century  Search this
Reservoirs  Search this
Patents  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Letterpress copybooks
Blueprints
Diaries
Drawings
Photographs -- 19th century
Cashbooks
Business records -- 19th century
Business letters
Notebooks
Topographic maps
Tax records
Technical drawings
Stock certificates
Technical literature
Photoengravings
Notes
Maps -- 19th century
Microfilms
Linen tracings
Letter books
Letters
Land titles
Legal documents
Sketches
Salted paper prints
Reports
Receipts
Plans (drawings)
Photostats
Photographic prints
Architectural drawings
Administrative records
Albumen prints
Albums
Annual reports
Booklets
Account books -- 19th century
Books -- 19th century
Family papers -- 18th century
Financial records -- 19th century
Diaries -- 19th century
Drawings -- 19th century
Cyanotypes
Correspondence -- 19th-20th century
Deeds
Printed material
Correspondence
Contracts
Photograph albums
Specifications
Christmas cards
Menus
Citation:
William R. Hutton Papers, dates, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0987
See more items in:
William R. Hutton Papers
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep84f6824ce-7291-4ac4-ab0f-abaa2071815e
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0987
Online Media:

Albert Kahn papers

Creator:
Kahn, Albert, 1869-1942  Search this
Names:
Bacon, Henry, 1839-1912  Search this
Barlow, Myron, 1873-1937  Search this
Kahlo, Frida  Search this
Kahn, Ernestine Krolik  Search this
Mason, George D.  Search this
Milles, Carl, 1875-1955  Search this
Rivera, Diego, 1886-1957  Search this
Stoughton, Arthur A.  Search this
Toscanini, Arturo, 1867-1957  Search this
Trowbridge, Alexander Buell, 1868-1950  Search this
Extent:
7.02 Linear feet
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Diaries
Watercolors
Scrapbooks
Renderings
Lithographs
Photographs
Motion pictures (visual works)
Notebooks
Drawings
Sound recordings
Awards
Sketchbooks
Etchings
Notes
Typescripts
Lectures
Date:
1875-1970
Summary:
The papers of architect Albert Kahn date from 1875-1970, bulk 1875-1945, and measure 7.02 linear feet. Found within the papers is biographical material, correspondence, personal business records, nine sketchbooks, art work, notes and writings, two scrapbooks, printed material, photographs and photograph albums, artifacts, and motion picture film.
Scope and Content Note:
The papers of architect Albert Kahn date from 1875-1970, bulk 1875-1945, and measure 7.02 linear feet. Found within the papers are biographical material, correspondence, personal business records, nine sketchbooks, art work, notes and writings, two scrapbooks, printed material, photographs and photograph albums, artifacts, a sound recording and motion picture film.

Biographical material includes a biographical account, marriage certificate, architect's licenses, calling cards for the Kahns, passports, identification cards, letters of introduction, award certificates and medals, membership cards and certificates, a sound recording concerning Albert Kahn's life, and an address book.

Correspondence consists of letters between Albert Kahn, family members, and colleagues including Myron Barlow, George D. Mason, Carl Milles and Arthur A. Stoughton. There is one letter each from Henry Bacon and Alexander Trowbridge, and condolence letters to Kahn's widow.

Personal business records include records of stocks and income, lists of expenses and receipts for construction, property records, price lists for paintings by others, and miscellaneous receipts.

Art work includes nine sketchbooks and drawings by Albert Kahn, a paper silhouette portrait of Kahn, and drawings, watercolors, etchings, lithographs, and a sketchbook of Cornwall by others.

Notes and writings include Ernestine Kahn's diary, notebooks, guest registers and records concerning Albert Kahn's funeral, and typescripts of speeches and lectures.

Two scrapbooks contain clippings, small drawings, photographs of architecture, and letters of tribute.

Printed material includes clippings, exhibition catalogs for others, programs, booklets, books, reproductions of art work, travel brochures, picture postcards, and miscellaneous printed material.

Photographs are of Albert Kahn, members of his family, and colleagues including Myron Barlow, Frida Kahlo, Diego Rivera, Arturo Toscanini, residences, and travel scenes. Moving images include five reels of 16mm motion picture film of the Kahn family at the farm and at various family gatherings.

Artifacts primarily consist of the tools used by Albert Kahn during his career including t-squares and portable tripod supports for drawing boards used on construction sites.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged as 9 series. Glass plate negative housed separately and closed to researchers.

Missing Title

Series 1: Biographical Material, 1896-1945 (Box 1, 6, OV 10; 19 folders)

Series 2: Correspondence, 1891-1970 (Box 1-3, 6; 3.3 linear feet)

Series 3: Personal Business Records, 1891-1943 (Box 3; 7 folders)

Series 4: Art Work, 1890-1936 (Box 3, 6, OV 11-12; 20 folders)

Series 5: Notes and Writings, 1899-1943 (Box 3-4; 29 folders)

Series 6: Scrapbooks, 1890-1942 (Box 7; 0.3 linear feet)

Series 7: Printed Material, 1897-1968 (Box 4-6, OV 10; 0.8 linear feet)

Series 8: Photographs and Moving Images, 1875-1944 (Box 5-6, 8, FC 13-17, MGP 2; 1.5 linear feet)

Series 9: Artifacts, circa 1942 (Box 5, 9; 0.4 linear feet)
Biographical Note:
Albert Kahn (1869-1942) of Detroit, Michigan, was an architect, primarily known for designing industrial buildings with the pioneering use of reinforced concrete that allowed large unobstructed interiors.

Albert Kahn was born on March 21, 1869 in Rhaunen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, the oldest son of rabbi Joseph Kahn and Rosalie Cohn Kahn. The family immigrated to the United States in 1881 and settled in Detroit, Michigan.

Albert Kahn worked as an office boy in an architect's office and studied drawing in Sunday classes conducted by sculptor Julius Melchers. Melchers found Kahn a position in the architectural offices of Mason and Rice where he worked for several years. In 1890, Kahn won a scholarship to travel in Europe to study architecture and in 1895 he opened his own architectural office, Albert Kahn Associates, hiring his younger brothers, Louis, Moritz, and Felix. In the following year, Kahn married Ernestine Krolik.

In 1903, Kahn was awarded his first two important commissions: to design the University of Michigan's engineering building and the Palm Apartments in Detroit, built with the early use of reinforced concrete. In the following year, he built the first reinforced concrete factory for the Packard Motor Company. Because of the industrial growth in Detroit at that time, Kahn was in demand to design various automobile factories including the General Motors Building, textile, business machine, and chemical plants. He became an authority on concrete construction and by the beginning of the First World War, his firm provided construction for the military aviation section of the Army.

Kahn later moved from using concrete to steel and glass. In 1927, his company finished a large building for the Fisher Brothers of Detroit for which he was awarded a medal by the Architectural League of New York for the year's outstanding contribution to architecture. In the following year his firm was given full charge of the entire heavy industrial building program of Russia's first five-year plan, and they constructed an estimated two billion dollars worth of factories in Russia.

During World War II, Kahn's firm was constantly busy constructing naval air bases, airplane engine plants, tank arsenals including the Detroit Arsenal Tank Plant, and other government defense projects. In June 1942 Kahn was given the honorary degree of Doctor of Fine Arts by Syracuse University.

Albert Kahn died on December 8, 1942 in Detroit, Michigan.
Provenance:
The Albert Kahn papers were donated by Kahn's children, Mrs. Lydia Winston Malbin, Mrs. Rosalie Butzel, and Dr. Edgar A. Kahn, in 1974.
Restrictions:
Use of original papers requires an appointment. Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice.
Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Topic:
Architecture, American  Search this
Architects -- Michigan -- Detroit  Search this
Genre/Form:
Diaries
Watercolors
Scrapbooks
Renderings
Lithographs
Photographs
Motion pictures (visual works)
Notebooks
Drawings
Sound recordings
Awards
Sketchbooks
Etchings
Notes
Typescripts
Lectures
Citation:
Albert Kahn papers, 1875-1970. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
AAA.kahnalbp
See more items in:
Albert Kahn papers
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Art
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw998c9d20d-7eac-4264-8dd4-21511423e9a1
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-aaa-kahnalbp
Online Media:

The total theater model of the project designed by architect Walter Gropius for Erwin Piscator, Berlin, Germany 1927

Creator:
Charles Forberg Associates  Search this
Names:
Gropius, Walter, 1883-1969  Search this
Piscator, Erwin, 1893-1966  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (film reel (3 min.), col., sd., 16mm.)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Video recordings
Date:
circa 1960
Scope and Contents:
Describes Gropius' unrealized project "Total Theater." The model shown was designed and fabricated by Charles Forberg Associates, New York. Also found on duplicate videocassette is "A Night In the Artist's Studio: Gasparo with model Magdelene Egry," ca. 1950, copied from 16 mm. film (8 min.) from the Oronzo Gasparo papers.
Biographical / Historical:
Gropius was an architect, educator and founder of the Bauhaus school. Born in Berlin, he studied at the University of Charlottenburg-Berlin and Munich.
Provenance:
Motion picture film duplicated from original lent by Charles Forberg of Charles Forberg Associates, 1980. The film was transferred to video in 1991.
Restrictions:
Use of original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Archives' Washington, D.C., Research Center.
Occupation:
Architects -- Massachusetts  Search this
Topic:
Theater architecture -- Germany  Search this
Genre/Form:
Video recordings
Identifier:
AAA.charfora
See more items in:
The total theater model of the project designed by architect Walter Gropius for Erwin Piscator, Berlin, Germany 1927
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Art
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw961a93f1e-8016-432c-9e7b-ed39ba1c38fd
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-aaa-charfora

David Lynn

Artist:
Irving Resnikoff as "Charles J. Fox", 1897 - 1988  Search this
Sitter:
David Lynn, 1873 - 1961  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
74.9cm x 62.2cm (29 1/2" x 24 1/2"), Sight
Type:
Painting
Date:
1954?
Topic:
David Lynn: Male  Search this
David Lynn: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: U.S. Capitol
Object number:
DC230246
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4d32508d9-2c41-41fb-9882-6a7a16db5c49
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_DC230246

John George Stewart

Artist:
Irving Resnikoff as "Charles J. Fox", 1897 - 1988  Search this
Sitter:
John George Stewart, 1890 - 1970  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
74.8cm x 62.2cm (29 7/16" x 24 1/2"), Sight
Type:
Painting
Date:
1962?
Topic:
John George Stewart: Male  Search this
John George Stewart: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: U.S. Capitol
Object number:
DC230350
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm42f5c4d1e-43c6-46fe-ae98-3823213c0dc5
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_DC230350

Plate with Self-Portrait

Artist:
William Merritt Chase, 1 Nov 1849 - 25 Oct 1916  Search this
Sitter:
William Merritt Chase, 1 Nov 1849 - 25 Oct 1916  Search this
Medium:
Oil on ceramic plate
Dimensions:
3.5 x 26.4cm (1 3/8 x 10 3/8")
Type:
Painting
Date:
c. 1881
Topic:
Costume\Dress Accessory\Eyeglasses\Pince-nez  Search this
Home Furnishings\Dishes\Plate  Search this
Decorative Arts  Search this
Self-portrait  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Male  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Portraitist  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Education and Scholarship\Founder\School  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Still life artist  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Architect\Landscape architect  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Parrish Art Museum
Object number:
1961.5.29 PAM
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4a301e6c7-7ba8-46a5-80e4-ba0450c420c5
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_1961.5.29_PAM

Self-Portrait as Hunter

Artist:
Henry Varnum Poor, III, 30 Sep 1888 - 8 Dec 1970  Search this
Sitter:
Henry Varnum Poor, III, 30 Sep 1888 - 8 Dec 1970  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
Stretcher: 96.7 x 76cm (38 1/16 x 29 15/16")
Type:
Painting
Date:
1934
Topic:
Weapon\Gun  Search this
Exterior\Landscape  Search this
Self-portrait  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Male  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Artist\Portraitist  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter\Landscape painter  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Artist\Still life artist  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Art instructor  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter\Muralist  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Crafts and Trades\Ceramicist  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Wichita Art Museum
Object number:
1992.14 WAM
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4830203ea-eb74-4c0c-8b8e-eb39419f9d4e
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_1992.14_WAM

William Merritt Chase Self-Portrait

Artist:
William Merritt Chase, 1 Nov 1849 - 25 Oct 1916  Search this
Sitter:
William Merritt Chase, 1 Nov 1849 - 25 Oct 1916  Search this
Medium:
Ink on paper
Dimensions:
31.8 x 22.9cm (12 1/2 x 9")
Type:
Drawing
Date:
late 19th-early 20th century
Topic:
Artwork\Sculpture\Bust  Search this
Self-portrait  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Male  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Portraitist  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Education and Scholarship\Founder\School  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Still life artist  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Architect\Landscape architect  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Mrs. Elizabeth Murray
Object number:
DC990177
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm400bfc3b9-4113-4d2c-b4a0-1a57a1f1e971
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_DC990177

Self-Portrait

Artist:
Henry Varnum Poor, III, 30 Sep 1888 - 8 Dec 1970  Search this
Sitter:
Henry Varnum Poor, III, 30 Sep 1888 - 8 Dec 1970  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
96.5cm x 76.2cm (38" x 30"), Accurate
Type:
Painting
Date:
1936
Topic:
Interior  Search this
Home Furnishings\Furniture\Table  Search this
Home Furnishings\Furniture\Seating\Chair\Armchair  Search this
Self-portrait  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Male  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Artist\Portraitist  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter\Landscape painter  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Artist\Still life artist  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Art instructor  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter\Muralist  Search this
Henry Varnum Poor, III: Crafts and Trades\Ceramicist  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Sheldon Museum of Art
Object number:
H-169
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm46800c7da-b3fd-4a0c-83f4-ac9405e94a99
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_H-169

Self-Portrait of William Merritt Chase

Artist:
William Merritt Chase, 1 Nov 1849 - 25 Oct 1916  Search this
Sitter:
William Merritt Chase, 1 Nov 1849 - 25 Oct 1916  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
Stretcher (estimate): 73.5 x 58.5cm (28 15/16 x 23 1/16")
Type:
Painting
Date:
1908
Topic:
Costume\Jewelry  Search this
Costume\Dress Accessory\Eyeglasses  Search this
Self-portrait  Search this
Costume\Dress Accessory\Ribbon  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Male  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Portraitist  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Education and Scholarship\Founder\School  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Still life artist  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Architect\Landscape architect  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Galleria degli Uffizi
Object number:
Inv. 1890 n. 3398 GU
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm474378ac2-5793-4a12-9feb-76e218298e0d
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_Inv._1890_n._3398_GU

Self-Portrait of William Merritt Chase

Artist:
William Merritt Chase, 1 Nov 1849 - 25 Oct 1916  Search this
Sitter:
William Merritt Chase, 1 Nov 1849 - 25 Oct 1916  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
Stretcher (estimate): 70 x 55cm (27 9/16 x 21 5/8")
Type:
Painting
Date:
c. 1908
Topic:
Costume\Jewelry  Search this
Costume\Dress Accessory\Eyeglasses  Search this
Personal Attribute\Facial Hair\Beard  Search this
Self-portrait  Search this
Costume\Dress Accessory\Ribbon  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Male  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Portraitist  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Education and Scholarship\Founder\School  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Still life artist  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Architect\Landscape architect  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Galleria degli Uffizi
Object number:
Inv. 1890 n. 9640 GU
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm42bb45702-68ce-4336-9e53-686f539e64de
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_Inv._1890_n._9640_GU

Self-Portrait

Artist:
William Merritt Chase, 1 Nov 1849 - 25 Oct 1916  Search this
Sitter:
William Merritt Chase, 1 Nov 1849 - 25 Oct 1916  Search this
Medium:
Pastel on paper
Dimensions:
Sheet: 43.8 × 34.3cm (17 1/4 × 13 1/2")
Type:
Painting
Date:
c. 1884
Topic:
Home Furnishings\Drape  Search this
Art implements\Palette  Search this
Personal Attribute\Facial Hair\Beard  Search this
Self-portrait  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Male  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Portraitist  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Education and Scholarship\Founder\School  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Artist\Still life artist  Search this
William Merritt Chase: Visual Arts\Architect\Landscape architect  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Private collection
Object number:
PC992330
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4aaf05155-dbdd-444f-ae68-6c6a43e5f500
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_PC992330

Autorretrato (múltiple)

Title:
Self-portrait (numerous)
Artist:
Juan O'Gorman, 1905 - 1987  Search this
Sitter:
Juan O'Gorman, 1905 - 1987  Search this
Medium:
Oil on Masonite
Dimensions:
73 x 56.5cm (28 3/4 x 22 1/4")
Type:
Painting
Date:
1950
Topic:
Exterior\Landscape  Search this
Architecture  Search this
Interior\Studio  Search this
Symbols & Motifs\Flag  Search this
Self-portrait  Search this
Juan O'Gorman: Male  Search this
Juan O'Gorman: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter  Search this
Juan O'Gorman: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Museo de Arte Moderno, Mexico
Object number:
R-170 N-25
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4b01b3355-968c-4d8f-8115-19e24aad160b
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_R-170_N-25

Aline and Eero Saarinen papers, 1906-1977

Creator:
Saarinen, Aline B. (Aline Bernstein), 1914-1972  Search this
Subject:
White, Stanford  Search this
Saarinen, Eero  Search this
Type:
Photographs
Motion pictures (visual works)
Sound recordings
Interviews
Citation:
Aline and Eero Saarinen papers, 1906-1977. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Topic:
Architecture -- United States  Search this
Architects -- Michigan -- Bloomfield Hills  Search this
Art -- Collectors and collecting -- United States  Search this
Women architectural critics  Search this
Women art critics  Search this
Women art historians  Search this
Theme:
Architecture & Design  Search this
Research and writing about art  Search this
Record number:
(DSI-AAA_CollID)5589
(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)211237
AAA_collcode_saaralin
Theme:
Architecture & Design
Research and writing about art
Data Source:
Archives of American Art
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_211237
Online Media:

Captain Blodgett

Artist:
John Trumbull, 6 Jun 1756 - 10 Nov 1843  Search this
Possibly:
William Blodgett, 1750 - 1850?  Search this
Samuel Blodget, Jr., 28 Aug 1757 - 11 Apr 1814  Search this
Medium:
Graphite on paper
Dimensions:
Sheet: 11.4 x 7.3cm (4 1/2 x 2 7/8")
Type:
Drawing
Date:
c. 1786
Topic:
Samuel Blodget, Jr.: Male  Search this
Samuel Blodget, Jr.: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this
Samuel Blodget, Jr.: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Entrepreneur  Search this
Samuel Blodget, Jr.: Business and Finance\Economist  Search this
William Blodgett: Male  Search this
William Blodgett: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Yale University Art Gallery
Object number:
1931.66
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4e47ec3c4-0760-4798-b02e-e8b478acfa34
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_1931.66

The Founding Fathers Cup and Saucer

Artist:
Unidentified Artist  Search this
Sitter:
George Washington, 22 Feb 1732 - 14 Dec 1799  Search this
Thomas Jefferson, 13 Apr 1743 - 4 Jul 1826  Search this
Benjamin Franklin, 17 Jan 1706 - 17 Apr 1790  Search this
Medium:
Hard-paste porcelain
Dimensions:
Cup: 2 1/2 in. high (6.5 cm); Saucer: 5 3/4 in. diameter (14.6 cm)
Type:
Decorative Arts
Date:
1840-75
Topic:
Home Furnishings\Furniture\Table  Search this
Architecture\Door  Search this
Nature & Environment\Animal\Bird\Eagle  Search this
George Washington: Male  Search this
George Washington: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War  Search this
George Washington: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman  Search this
George Washington: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this
George Washington: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\General  Search this
George Washington: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
George Washington: Science and Technology\Surveyor  Search this
George Washington: Congressional Gold Medal  Search this
Benjamin Franklin: Male  Search this
Benjamin Franklin: Literature\Writer  Search this
Benjamin Franklin: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman  Search this
Benjamin Franklin: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Benjamin Franklin: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
Benjamin Franklin: Science and Technology\Scientist  Search this
Benjamin Franklin: Politics and Government\Diplomat  Search this
Benjamin Franklin: Society and Social Change\Philanthropist  Search this
Benjamin Franklin: Science and Technology\Inventor  Search this
Benjamin Franklin: Crafts and Trades\Printer  Search this
Benjamin Franklin: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Male  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Vice-President of US  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of State  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Science and Technology\Inventor  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Virginia  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Governor\Virginia  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Education and Scholarship\Founder\University  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Object number:
1977.216.1-.2 MMA
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm45900b8ec-f9eb-4eca-b578-ae22acef5459
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_1977.216.1-.2_MMA

George Browne Post

Artist:
Karl Theodore Francis Bitter, 6 Dec 1867 - 10 Apr 1915  Search this
Sitter:
George Browne Post, 15 Dec 1837 - 28 Nov 1913  Search this
Medium:
Plaster
Dimensions:
8.2cm x 8.2cm x .4cm (3 1/4" x 3 1/4" x 3/16"), Accurate
Type:
Sculpture
Date:
1910
Topic:
George Browne Post: Male  Search this
George Browne Post: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Civil War  Search this
George Browne Post: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this
George Browne Post: Science and Technology\Engineer\Civil engineer  Search this
George Browne Post: Legion of Honor  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Museum of the City of New York
Object number:
37.411.DUP1
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm41409daa4-1a0f-436c-b314-7888aaedaf5a
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_37.411.DUP1

Lady Washington's Reception

Title:
Republican Court
Artist:
Daniel Huntington, 14 Oct 1816 - 18 Apr 1906  Search this
Sitter:
Abigail Smith Adams, 11 Nov 1744 - 28 Oct 1818  Search this
Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton, 9 Aug 1757 - 9 Nov 1854  Search this
John Jay, 12 Dec 1745 - 17 May 1829  Search this
John Adams, 30 Oct 1735 - 4 Jul 1826  Search this
Alexander Hamilton, 11 Jan 1757 - 11 Jul 1804  Search this
Henry Laurens, 6 Mar 1724 - 8 Dec 1792  Search this
John Dickinson, 8 Nov 1732 - 14 Feb 1808  Search this
Mary Alsop King, 1769 - 1819  Search this
Mrs. Van Rensseleaar  Search this
Unidentified Sitter  Search this
Mrs. Genet  Search this
Martha Dandridge Custis Washington, 2 Jun 1731 - 22 May 1802  Search this
Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis, 31 Mar 1779 - 15 Jul 1852  Search this
Mary White Morris, 1749 - 1827  Search this
John Trumbull, 6 Jun 1756 - 10 Nov 1843  Search this
Jonathan Trumbull, Sr., 12 Oct 1710 - 17 Aug 1785  Search this
Oliver Ellsworth, 1745 - 1807  Search this
Thomas Jefferson, 13 Apr 1743 - 4 Jul 1826  Search this
Miss Habersham  Search this
Faith Trumbull Wadsworth, 1769 - 1846  Search this
Oliver Wolcott, 1726 - 1797  Search this
George Hammond, 1763 - 1853  Search this
George Washington, 22 Feb 1732 - 14 Dec 1799  Search this
Harriet Chew Carroll, 1775 - 1861  Search this
Duke of Kent  Search this
Arthur Middleton, 1742 - 1787  Search this
Mrs. Drayton  Search this
Miss Brockholst Livingston  Search this
Mrs. Bingham, born mid 18th century  Search this
Abigail Amelia Adams Smith  Search this
Benjamin Huntington  Search this
Pamela Dwight Sedgwick, 26 Jun 1753 - 20 Sep 1807  Search this
Lewis Morris, 8 Apr 1726 - 22 Jan 1798  Search this
Robert Morris, 31 Jan 1734 - 8 May 1806  Search this
Thomas McKean, 19 Mar 1734 - 24 Jun 1817  Search this
Nathanael Greene, 7 Aug 1742 - 19 Jun 1786  Search this
Sarah Vanbrugh Livingston Jay, 2 Aug 1756 - 28 May 1802  Search this
Sophia Chew, 1769 - 1841  Search this
Gouverneur Morris, 31 Jan 1752 - 6 Nov 1816  Search this
Louis Philippe, King of France, 1773 - 1850  Search this
James Iredell, 5 Oct 1751 - 20 Oct 1799  Search this
Benjamin Rush, 4 Jan 1746 - 19 April 1813  Search this
Charles Carroll, 1737 - 1832  Search this
William White, c. 4 Apr 1748 - 17 Jul 1836  Search this
Gilbert Stuart, 3 Dec 1755 - 9 Jul 1828  Search this
Otho Holland Williams, 1749 - 1794  Search this
Robert R. Livingston, 27 Nov 1746 - 26 Feb 1813  Search this
Francis Hopkinson, 1737 - 1791  Search this
Catherine Luer  Search this
Sally Foster Otis, 1770 - 1836  Search this
Alice De Lancey Izard, 1745 - 1832  Search this
Cornelia Tappen Clinton, 1744 - 1800  Search this
John Hancock, 12 Jan 1737 - 8 Oct 1793  Search this
Ashbel Green, 1762 - 1848  Search this
Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben, 17 Sep 1730 - 28 Nov 1794  Search this
Edmund Randolph, 10 Aug 1753 - 12 Sep 1813  Search this
Mrs. Cutler  Search this
Mrs. Chauncey Goodrich  Search this
Mrs. Winthrop  Search this
Martha ("Patsy") Jefferson Randolph, 27 Sep 1772 - 10 Oct 1836  Search this
Benjamin Lincoln, 24 Jan 1733 - 9 May 1810  Search this
Henry Knox, 25 Jul 1750 - 25 Oct 1806  Search this
George Washington Parke Custis, 30 Apr 1781 - 10 Oct 1857  Search this
Possibly:
Mary Carroll Caton, 2 Sep 1770 - 14 Nov 1846  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
167.6 x 277cm (66 x 109 1/16")
Type:
Painting
Date:
1861
Topic:
Interior  Search this
Architecture\Arch  Search this
Artwork\Painting  Search this
Artwork\Sculpture\Bust  Search this
Architecture\Column  Search this
Artwork\Sculpture\Statue  Search this
Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis: Female  Search this
Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis: Visual Arts\Artist\Silhouettist  Search this
Ashbel Green: Male  Search this
Ashbel Green: Religion and Spirituality\Clergy  Search this
Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben: Male  Search this
Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War  Search this
Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University trustee  Search this
Edmund Randolph: Male  Search this
Edmund Randolph: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\US Attorney General  Search this
Edmund Randolph: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of State  Search this
Edmund Randolph: Politics and Government\Governor\Virginia  Search this
George Washington: Male  Search this
George Washington: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War  Search this
George Washington: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman  Search this
George Washington: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this
George Washington: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\General  Search this
George Washington: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
George Washington: Science and Technology\Surveyor  Search this
George Washington: Congressional Gold Medal  Search this
Otho Holland Williams: Male  Search this
Otho Holland Williams: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War  Search this
George Hammond: Male  Search this
George Hammond: Politics and Government\Statesman  Search this
Robert Morris: Male  Search this
Robert Morris: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Robert Morris: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
Robert Morris: Business and Finance\Banking and Finance\Financier  Search this
Robert Morris: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant\Shipping merchant  Search this
Robert Morris: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Pennsylvania  Search this
Robert Morris: Politics and Government\Statesman\Signer of Constitution  Search this
Benjamin Lincoln: Male  Search this
Benjamin Lincoln: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War  Search this
Benjamin Lincoln: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of War  Search this
Benjamin Lincoln: Politics and Government\Lieutenant Governor\Massachusetts  Search this
Mary White Morris: Female  Search this
Mary White Morris: Society and Social Change\Hostess  Search this
Henry Knox: Male  Search this
Henry Knox: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War  Search this
Henry Knox: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of War  Search this
Henry Knox: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant\Bookseller  Search this
Oliver Wolcott: Male  Search this
Oliver Wolcott: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Oliver Wolcott: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
Gilbert Stuart: Male  Search this
Gilbert Stuart: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter  Search this
Gilbert Stuart: Visual Arts\Artist\Portraitist  Search this
Francis Hopkinson: Visual Arts\Artist  Search this
Francis Hopkinson: Male  Search this
Francis Hopkinson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Francis Hopkinson: Literature\Writer  Search this
Francis Hopkinson: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
Nathanael Greene: Male  Search this
Nathanael Greene: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War  Search this
Nathanael Greene: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\General  Search this
Nathanael Greene: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer\Iron  Search this
Nathanael Greene: Congressional Gold Medal  Search this
Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton: Female  Search this
Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton: Society and Social Change\Philanthropist  Search this
Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton: Society and Social Change\Administrator\Charity administrator\Charity founder\Orphanage founder  Search this
John Jay: Male  Search this
John Jay: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
John Jay: Literature\Writer  Search this
John Jay: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
John Jay: Politics and Government\Governor\New York  Search this
John Jay: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\US Supreme Court Justice\Chief Justice of US  Search this
Thomas McKean: Male  Search this
Thomas McKean: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Thomas McKean: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Thomas McKean: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
Thomas McKean: Politics and Government\Governor\Pennsylvania  Search this
Thomas McKean: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Delaware  Search this
Thomas McKean: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\Pennsylvania  Search this
Faith Trumbull Wadsworth: Female  Search this
Alice De Lancey Izard: Female  Search this
Charles Carroll: Male  Search this
Charles Carroll: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Charles Carroll: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
Charles Carroll: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad executive  Search this
Charles Carroll: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Planter  Search this
Charles Carroll: Politics and Government\State Senator\Maryland  Search this
Charles Carroll: Politics and Government\US Senator\Maryland  Search this
John Adams: Male  Search this
John Adams: Literature\Writer  Search this
John Adams: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
John Adams: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
John Adams: Politics and Government\Vice-President of US  Search this
John Adams: Politics and Government\Diplomat  Search this
John Adams: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
John Adams: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Massachusetts  Search this
Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Male  Search this
Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this
Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Politics and Government\Governor\Connecticut  Search this
Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this
Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Politics and Government\Legislator  Search this
Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Law and Crime\Justice of the Peace  Search this
Benjamin Rush: Male  Search this
Benjamin Rush: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Benjamin Rush: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
Benjamin Rush: Medicine and Health\Physician  Search this
Benjamin Rush: Society and Social Change\Reformer  Search this
Benjamin Rush: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Professor\College  Search this
Benjamin Rush: Literature\Writer\Medical writer  Search this
Benjamin Rush: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Humanitarian  Search this
Martha Dandridge Custis Washington: Female  Search this
Martha Dandridge Custis Washington: Politics and Government\First Lady\First Lady of US  Search this
John Hancock: Male  Search this
John Hancock: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman  Search this
John Hancock: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
John Hancock: Politics and Government\Governor\Massachusetts  Search this
John Hancock: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this
Martha ("Patsy") Jefferson Randolph: Female  Search this
Martha ("Patsy") Jefferson Randolph: Society and Social Change\Hostess  Search this
Martha ("Patsy") Jefferson Randolph: Politics and Government\Daughter of US President  Search this
Sally Foster Otis: Female  Search this
Arthur Middleton: Male  Search this
Arthur Middleton: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Arthur Middleton: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
Arthur Middleton: Military and Intelligence\Soldier\Revolutionary War  Search this
Arthur Middleton: Politics and Government\US Congressman\South Carolina  Search this
Arthur Middleton: Law and Crime\Justice of the Peace  Search this
Arthur Middleton: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Planter  Search this
Sarah Vanbrugh Livingston Jay: Female  Search this
Cornelia Tappen Clinton: Female  Search this
Robert R. Livingston: Male  Search this
Robert R. Livingston: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Robert R. Livingston: Politics and Government\Statesman  Search this
Robert R. Livingston: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Robert R. Livingston: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this
Robert R. Livingston: Education and Scholarship\Founder\School  Search this
Robert R. Livingston: Visual Arts\Founder\Art Museum  Search this
Robert R. Livingston: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this
Robert R. Livingston: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this
Robert R. Livingston: Politics and Government\Chancellor  Search this
John Trumbull: Male  Search this
John Trumbull: Visual Arts\Artist\Portraitist  Search this
John Trumbull: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter\History painter  Search this
Mary Carroll Caton: Female  Search this
George Washington Parke Custis: Male  Search this
George Washington Parke Custis: Literature\Writer\Playwright  Search this
John Dickinson: Male  Search this
John Dickinson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
John Dickinson: Literature\Writer  Search this
John Dickinson: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
John Dickinson: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Pennsylvania  Search this
John Dickinson: Politics and Government\Statesman\Signer of Constitution  Search this
John Dickinson: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Delaware  Search this
John Dickinson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Delaware  Search this
Alexander Hamilton: Male  Search this
Alexander Hamilton: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Alexander Hamilton: Literature\Writer  Search this
Alexander Hamilton: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War  Search this
Alexander Hamilton: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Treasury  Search this
Alexander Hamilton: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Abigail Smith Adams: Female  Search this
Abigail Smith Adams: Politics and Government\First Lady\First Lady of US  Search this
Abigail Smith Adams: Literature\Writer\Letter writer  Search this
William White: Male  Search this
William White: Literature\Writer\Religious writer  Search this
William White: Religion and Spirituality\Clergy\Prelate\Bishop  Search this
Gouverneur Morris: Male  Search this
Gouverneur Morris: Politics and Government\US Senator\New York  Search this
Gouverneur Morris: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Gouverneur Morris: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Gouverneur Morris: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this
Mary Alsop King: Female  Search this
Lewis Morris: Male  Search this
Lewis Morris: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Lewis Morris: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
Lewis Morris: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University trustee  Search this
Lewis Morris: Politics and Government\State Senator\New York  Search this
Lewis Morris: Politics and Government\Patriot  Search this
Lewis Morris: Military and Intelligence\Militia\Militiaman\Revolutionary War  Search this
James Iredell: Male  Search this
James Iredell: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
James Iredell: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\US Supreme Court Justice  Search this
James Iredell: Politics and Government\State Attorney General\North Carolina  Search this
Louis Philippe, King of France: Male  Search this
Louis Philippe, King of France: Rulers and Aristocracy\Aristocrat\Duke  Search this
Louis Philippe, King of France: Rulers and Aristocracy\King\France  Search this
Henry Laurens: Male  Search this
Henry Laurens: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Henry Laurens: Politics and Government\Government official  Search this
Henry Laurens: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this
Henry Laurens: Military and Intelligence\Militia\Officer  Search this
Henry Laurens: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Planter  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Male  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Vice-President of US  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of State  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Science and Technology\Inventor  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Virginia  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Governor\Virginia  Search this
Thomas Jefferson: Education and Scholarship\Founder\University  Search this
Sophia Chew: Female  Search this
Oliver Ellsworth: Male  Search this
Oliver Ellsworth: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Oliver Ellsworth: Politics and Government\US Senator\Connecticut  Search this
Oliver Ellsworth: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\US Supreme Court Justice\Chief Justice of US  Search this
Mrs. Bingham: Female  Search this
Benjamin Huntington: Male  Search this
Mrs. Van Rensseleaar: Female  Search this
Mrs. Winthrop: Female  Search this
Mrs. Genet: Female  Search this
Miss Habersham: Female  Search this
Duke of Kent: Male  Search this
Mrs. Drayton: Female  Search this
Miss Brockholst Livingston: Female  Search this
Abigail Amelia Adams Smith: Female  Search this
Pamela Dwight Sedgwick: Female  Search this
Catherine Luer: Female  Search this
Mrs. Cutler: Female  Search this
Mrs. Chauncey Goodrich: Female  Search this
Harriet Chew Carroll: Female  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Brooklyn Museum
Object number:
39.536.1 Brooklyn
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4bdf775af-c0f1-4418-9b79-1266df00f765
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_39.536.1_Brooklyn

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