In 1990, curators at the National Museum of American History began a project to develop a traveling exhibition about American music, and in the course of research, curators repeatedly returned to the Mississippi Delta area and Memphis, Tennessee to conduct interviews. A group in Memphis organized to raise the funds to complete the research, to acquire objects and artifacts, and the project ultimately became the Smithsonian-affiliated Memphis Rock 'n' Soul Museum, which opened in 2000 at 191 Beale Street.
Scope and Contents:
The collection consists of oral and video history interviews conducted by curators at the National Museum of American History with musicians, recording executives, disc jockeys, and others involved with the development of rock'n'soul music. Complete transcripts of all of the interviews exist.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged in four series.
Series 1, Original Interviews
Series 2, Reference Copies
Subseries 1: Umatic Videos
Subseries 2: Reference DVDs
Series 3: Audio Cassettes
Series 4: Transcripts
Biographical / Historical:
In 1990, National Museum of American History curators Dr. Pete Daniel and Dr. Charles McGovern, began conducting research with the intention of creating a traveling exhibit about "American music." Their investigations led them to the Mississippi delta and ultimately to Memphis Tennessee, which had developed as a crossroads where people and musical traditions met beginning in the 1930s. Based on their discoveries they refined their scope in order to focus on the music that grew out of the traditions that met and mixed in Memphis. They weren't able to secure funding for the originally proposed exhibit, but instead partnered with the Memphis Rock'n'Soul Museum to develop the exhibit Rock'n'Soul: Social Crossroads. The museum and exhibit opened in 2000 and explores the influential musical form that has its roots in Memphis.
Much of the basic research for the exhibit as well as the production elements for the companion radio series, "Memphis: Cradle of Rock'n'Soul" came from oral and video history interviews conducted with musicians, record producers, radio disc jockeys and others involved with the development and popularization of rock'n'soul during 1992 and 1999. Daniel and McGovern partnered with John Meehan of Smithsonian Productions to create high-quality, informative interview tapes. The Rock'n'Soul Video History Collection is comprised of these unedited interviews.
Provenance:
Made at the National Museum of American History for the Smithsonian-affiliated Memphis Rock 'n' Soul Museum in 1992 and 1999.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Only refrence DVDs and digital reference copies in the Smithsonian Institution's Digital Asset Management System (DAMS) may be used. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
The collection consists of printed materials, including programs, press kits, prints, slides and posters from various award presentations given by the syndicated television program Soul Train from 1987 to 2004. These include the Soul Train Music Awards, Soul Train Lady of Soul Awards, Soul Train Comedy Awards, and Soul Train Divas and Kings.
Scope and Contents:
The collection consists of printed materials, including programs and press kits, and photographic prints, slides and posters from various award presentations given by Soul Train. These include the "Soul Train" Music Awards, "Soul Train" Lady of Soul Awards, "Soul Train" Comedy Awards, "Soul Train" Divas and Kings.
Series 1, Award Programs, 1987-2004, is subdivided into five subseries: Subseries 1, Soul Train Award Programs, 1987-2004; Subseries 2, Lady of Soul Award Programs, 1995-2003; Subseries 3, Christmas StarFest, 1998-1999, 2003; Subseries 4, Comedy Awards Program, 1993.
Subseries 1, Soul Train Award Programs, 1987-2004, consists of printed programs and press kits for the annual awards event, held each year in Los Angeles, California. The press kits contain biographies for the award recipients, press releases, publicity prints and slides of award recipients. The prints and slides were assembled by Tribune Entertainment Company. In 1995, there was a twenty-fifth anniversary Hall of Fame Special. The history of the "Soul Train" story is chronicled in this 1995 anniversary program.
Subseries 2, Lady of Soul Award Programs, 1995-2003, consists of printed programs, prints, slides, and press kits with biographies and press releases honoring great women in the world of entertainment. The Lady of Soul Awards was the first-ever show format specially designed to honor female entertainers.
Subseries 3, Christmas StarFest, 1998-1999, 2003, consists of printed advertisements and press kits for "Soul Train" Christmas Starfest, a television special of major music stars. The press kits contain biographies, publicity prints, and slides of entertainers who participated.
Subseries 4, Comedy Awards Program, 1993, consists of two programs for the first annual "Soul Train" Comedy Awards. The 1993 debut was the only time the show was produced.
Subseries 5, Divas and Kings Program, 2000, consists of print advertisements for a special Soul Train thirtieth anniversary special featuring performances by a variety of entertainers.
Series 2, Posters, 1989, consists of two posters from the 1989 Soul Train Awards honoring Michael Jackson.
Series 3, Ephemera, 1990, 2001, consists of a tribune Entertainment Company publication, That's Entertainment from 1990 and newspaper clippings about Soul Train creator, Don Cornelius, Los Angeles Times, 2001.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into three series.
Series 1, Award Programs, 1987-2004
Subseries 1, Soul Train Award Programs, 1987-2004
Subseries 2, Lady of Soul Award Programs, 1995-2003
Subseries 3, Christmas Starfest, 1998-1999, 2003
Subseries 4, Comedy Award Program, 1993
Subseries 5, Divas and Kings Program, 2000
Series 2, Posters, 1989
Series 3, Ephemera, 1990, 2001
Biographical / Historical:
Soul Train, was the longest-running syndicated television series in American history. Don Cornelius, a former disc jockey, created "Soul Train" in 1970 for the Chicago television station WCIU and served as its writer, producer and host. When it became a local sensation, he moved the show to Los Angeles and began broadcasting nationally in 1971, beginning a thirty-five year run in syndication. Soul Train presented rhythm and blues, soul, and hip hop performers, though sometimes funk, jazz, disco, and gospel artists were featured.
Born on Chicago's South Side on September 27, 1936, Cornelius had an early craving to go into broadcasting. He graduated from DuSable High School in 1954, served in the Marine Corps and then returned to Chicago to marry Delores Harrison. They had two sons, Anthony and Raymond. In 1966, Cornelius gave up a career selling insurance and cars to take a three-month broadcast course. He landed a job as a substitute disc jockey at WVON in Chicago and later as a sports anchor on the television program "A Black's View of the News." He produced the "Soul Train" pilot with four-hundred dollars of his own money, taking the title from a road show he had created for local high schools. Cornelius stepped down as host of the "Soul Train" in 1993, but the show continued to air for another decade with guest hosts presiding. In 2001, Cornelius married Viktoria Chapman, but divorced her in 2009.
In 2008, Cornelius sold the "Soul Train" franchise and the archives to a subsidiary of Vibe Holdings LLC. Over 1,117 episodes were produced. The musical artists who performed on "Soul Train" included many of the greatest African American performers of the last decades--Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, James Brown, the Jackson Five--and many Motown acts. Over its long history, the show primarily featured performances by rhythm and blues, soul, and hip hop artists, although funk, jazz, disco, and gospel artist also appeared. While most of these artists were African American, in later years the show featured some white performers such as Elton John and David Bowie. Singer Gino Vanelli was the first to integrate the show, in 1975, when Cornelius invited him to board the train to sing his hit, "People Gotta Move."
Cornelius also produced a number of award shows and annual specials, including the Soul Train Music Awards, the Soul Train Lady of Soul Awards, and the Soul Train Christmas Starfest. African American performers were predominantly featured in these shows and they served as a welcome counterpoint in the black musical community to what were perceived of as white-dominated award programs.
Related Materials:
Materials Held at Other Organizations
Library of Congress Copyright Office
Complete documentary sets of each "as broadcast" episode in DigiBeta or 1/2" VHS format and written transcriptions. "Soul Train" deposited this material at the Library of Congress Copyright Office in 2001.
Provenance:
The collection was donated by Soul Train Holdings, LLC, through Kenard Gibbs, CEO on August 12, 2011.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK). WlAbNL
Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force. WlAbNL
