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Department of Anthropology records

Creator:
National Museum of Natural History (U.S.). Department of Anthropology  Search this
Smithsonian Institution. Department of Anthropology  Search this
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology  Search this
Extent:
330.25 Linear feet (519 boxes)
Note:
Some materials are held off-site; this will be indicated at the series or sub-series level. Advanced notice must be given to view these portions of the collection.
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
1840-circa 2015
Summary:
The Department of Anthropology records contain administrative and research materials produced by the department and its members from the time of the Smithsonian Institution's foundation until today.
Scope and Contents:
The Department of Anthropology records contain correspondence, manuscripts, photographs, memoranda, invoices, meeting minutes, fiscal records, annual reports, grant applications, personnel records, receipts, and forms. The topics covered in the materials include collections, exhibits, staff, conservation, acquisitions, loans, storage and office space, administration, operations, research, budgets, security, office procedures, and funding. The materials were created by members of the Section of Ethnology of the Smithsonian Institution, the Division of Anthropology of the United States National Museum, the Office of Anthropology of the National Museum of Natural History, and the Department of Anthropology of the National Museum of Natural History and range in date from before the founding of the Smithsonian Institution to today. The Department of Anthropology records also contain some materials related to the Bureau of American Ethnology, such as documents from the River Basin Surveys.

Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Arrangement:
This collection is arranged in 28 series: (1) Correspondence, 1902-1908, 1961-1992; (2) Alpha-Subject File, 1828-1963; (3) Alpha-Subject File, 1961-1975; (4) Smithsonian Office of Anthropology Subject Files, 1967-1968; (5) River Basin Survey Files, 1965-1969; (6) Research Statements, Proposals, and Awards, 1961-1977 (bulk 1966-1973); (7) Publication File, 1960-1975; (8) Memoranda and Lists Concerning Condemnations, 1910-1965; (9) Notebook on Special Exhibits, 1951-1952 (10) Section on Animal Industry; (11) Administrative Records, 1891-1974; (12) Administrative Records, 1965-1994 (bulk 1975-1988); (13) Fiscal Records, 1904-1986; (14) Annual Reports, 1920-1983; (15) Chairman's Office Files, 1987-1993; (16) Division of Archaeology, 1828-1965; (17) Division of Ethnology, 1840s, 1860-1972, 1997; (18) Division of Physical Anthropology; (19) Division of Cultural Anthropology, 1920-1968; (20) Records of the Anthropological Laboratory/Anthropology Conservation and Restoration Laboratory, 1939-1973; (21) Collections Management, 1965-1985; (22) Photographs of Specimens and Other Subjects (Processing Laboratory Photographs), 1880s-1950s; (23) Exhibit Labels, Specimen Labels, Catalog Cards, and Miscellaneous Documents, circa 1870-1950; (24) Antiquities Act Permits, 1904-1986; (25) Ancient Technology Program, circa 1966-1981; (26) Urgent Anthropology; (27) Records of the Handbook of North American Indians; (28) Personnel; (29) Repatriation Office, 1991-1994
Administrative History.:
The Smithsonian Institution was founded in 1846. Although there was no department of anthropology until the creation of the Section of Ethnology in 1879, anthropological materials were part of the Smithsonian's collection from its foundation. The Section of Ethnology was created to care for the rapidly growing collection. In 1881, the United States National Museum was established. Soon thereafter, in 1883, it was broken up into divisions, including the Division of Anthropology. In 1904, Physical Anthropology was added to the Division.

The Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE) was created in 1879 as a research unit of the Smithsonian, separating research from collections care. However, during the 1950s, research became a higher priority for the Department of Anthropology and, in 1965, the BAE was merged with the Department of Anthropology to create the Office of Anthropology, and the BAE's archives became the National Anthropological Archives (NAA).

In 1967, the United States National Museum was broken up into three separate museums: the Musuem of History and Technology (now the National Museum of American History), the National Museum of American Art, and the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH). The Office of Anthropology was included in NMNH and was renamed the Department of Anthropology in 1968.

New divisions were added to the Department, including the Human Studies Film Archives (HSFA) in 1981, the Research Institute on Immigration and Ethnic Studies (RIIES) in 1982, and the Repatriation Office in 1993. In 1983, the Smithsonian opened the Museum Support Center (MSC) in Suitland, Maryland, as offsite housing for collections with specialized storage facilities and conservation labs.

The Department of Anthropology is currently the largest department within NMNH. It has three curatorial divisions (Ethnology, Archaeology, and Biological Anthropology) and its staff includes curators, research assistants, program staff, collections specialists, archivists, repatriation tribal liaisons, and administrative specialists. It has a number of outreach and research arms, including the Repatriation Office, Recovering Voices, Human Origins, and the Arctic Studies Center.

The Museum is home to one of the world's largest anthropology collections, with over three million specimens in archaeology, ethnology, and human skeletal biology. The NAA is the Smithsonian's oldest archival repository, with materials that reflect over 150 years of anthropological collecting and fieldwork. The HSFA is the only North American archive devoted exclusively to the collection and preservation of anthropological film and video.

Sources Consulted

National Museum of Natural History. "Department of Anthropology: About" Accessed April 13, 2020. https://naturalhistory.si.edu/research/anthropology/about

National Museum of Natural History. "History of Anthropology at the Smithsonian." Accessed April 13, 2020. https://naturalhistory.si.edu/sites/default/files/media/file/history-anthropology-si.pdf

National Museum of Natural History. "History of the Smithsonian Combined Catalog." Accessed April 13, 2020 https://sirismm.si.edu/siris/sihistory.htm

Chronology

1846 -- The Smithsonian Institution is founded

1879 -- George Catlin bequeaths his collection to the Smithsonian The Section of Ethnology is established to oversee ethnological and archaeological collections The Bureau of Ethnology is established by Congress as a research unit of the Smithsonian

1881 -- The U.S. National Museum (USNM) is established as a separate entity within the Smithsonian Institution

1883 -- The staff and collections of the USNM are reorganized into divisions, including a Division of Anthropology

1897 -- The United States National Museum is reorganized into three departments: Anthropology headed by W. H. Holmes; Biology with F. W. True as head; and Geology with G. P. Merrill in charge The Bureau of Ethnology is renamed the Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE) to emphasize the geographic limit of its interests

1903 -- The Division of Physical Anthropology established

1904 -- The Division of Physical Anthropology is incorporated into the Division of Anthropology

1910 -- The USNM moves into the new Natural History Building

1965 -- The Smithsonian Office of Anthropology is created on February 1 The BAE is eliminated and merged with the Office of Anthropology

1968 -- The Smithsonian Office of Anthropology (SOA) of the National Museum of Natural History is retitled the Department of Anthropology on October 29

1973 -- The Research Institute on Immigration and Ethnic Studies (RIIES) is established at the National Museum of Natural History's (NMNH) Center for the Study of Man (CSM) to study the waves of immigration to the United States and its overseas outposts that began in the 1960's

1975 -- The National Anthropological Film Center is established

1981 -- The National Anthropological Film Center is incorporated into the Department of Anthropology

1982 -- The RIIES, part of the CSM at the NMNH, is transferred to the Department of Anthropology

1991 -- NMNH establishes a Repatriation Office

1993 -- The Repatriation Office is incorporated into the Department of Anthropology

Head Curators and Department Chairs

1897-1902 -- William Henry Holmes

1902-1903 -- Otis T. Mason (acting)

1904-1908 -- Otis T. Mason

1908-1909 -- Walter Hough (acting)

1910-1920 -- William Henry Holmes

1920-1923 -- Walter Hough (acting)

1923-1935 -- Walter Hough

1935-1960 -- Frank M. Setzler

1960-1962 -- T. Dale Stewart

1963-1965 -- Waldo R. Wedel

1965-1967 -- Richard Woodbury

1967-1970 -- Saul H. Riesenberg

1970-1975 -- Clifford Evans

1975-1980 -- William W. Fitzhugh

1980-1985 -- Douglas H. Ubelaker

1985-1988 -- Adrienne L. Kaeppler

1988-1992 -- Donald J. Ortner

1992-1999 -- Dennis Stanford

1999-2002 -- Carolyn L. Rose

2002-2005 -- William W. Fitzhugh

2005-2010 -- J. Daniel Rogers

2010-2014 -- Mary Jo Arnoldi

2014-2018 -- Torbin Rick

2018-2022 -- Igor Krupnik

2022-2023 -- Laurie Burgess

2022- -- Richard Potts
Related Materials:
The NAA holds collections of former head curators and department chairs, including the papers of Otis Tufton Mason, Walter Hough, T. Dale Stewart, Waldo Rudolph and Mildred Mott Wedel, Saul H. Riesenberg, Clifford Evans, and Donald J. Ortner; the photographs of Frank Maryl Setzler; and the Richard B. Woodbury collection of drawings of human and animal figures.

Other related collections at the NAA include the papers of Gordon D. Gibson, Eugene I. Knez, and Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans; and the records of the Bureau of American Ethnology, the Center for the Study of Man, and the River Basin Surveys.
Provenance:
This collection was transferred to the National Anthropological Archives (NAA) by the National Museum of Natural History's Department of Anthropology in multiple accessions.
Restrictions:
Some materials are restricted.

Access to the Department of Anthropology records requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Anthropology  Search this
Ethnology  Search this
Archaeology  Search this
Citation:
Department of Anthropology Records, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.XXXX.0311
See more items in:
Department of Anthropology records
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3da0f5297-c324-47c1-96dd-171f6edd11b6
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-xxxx-0311

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-0
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/39baf807a-4538-49c2-94b4-e82c8e8ce2ca
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005577
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-1
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/36669bbc3-e75d-4e12-9b86-ae744d278655
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005578
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-10
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/398f2b475-010d-47f2-95ac-43a82d2bb671
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005579
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-11
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/304b11521-97a5-4b80-bb00-42dfc457a77c
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005580
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-12
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/36eced581-c2b6-4c17-bd4e-bff6fa1ccc54
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005581
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-2
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3caa5518b-fb89-4ad8-b27e-1c4f4fa3b634
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005582
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-3
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3018097cb-4ab2-4cfe-af57-403089e54ced
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005583
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-4
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/38746b66f-c40e-451b-a6f2-27accc601e1a
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005584
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-5
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/32f899afe-389d-4444-b4e8-b0a8cbdb05a3
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005585
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-6
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3fadc5e6d-5446-4622-afa7-2de8b6148bed
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005586
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-7
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/323198b10-eaa5-470d-9dd2-a19cb14ad3fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005587
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-8
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/36b124485-f05d-4df5-8c4a-7ef441ab30dd
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005588
Online Media:

Wrappings Of Mummy (11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11060-9
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3821195dc-e251-4ab1-aab8-820277fe8918
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005589
Online Media:

Vegetable & Woolen Strings For Mummy (A11059-0)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11061-0
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/33f3214bc-bd1b-4790-a7b4-7303fa87b2eb
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005590
Online Media:

Vegetable & Woolen Strings For Mummy (A11059-0)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Cloth
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11061-1
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3e638bca5-92ce-4166-9193-8358b750320c
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005591
Online Media:

Coca Found In Piece Of Cloth (#11064)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Coca
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11065-0
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3f6fa74bf-26dc-4963-97bd-7fee8167882f
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005595
Online Media:

Small Bag From Wrapping Of Mummy (#11059)

Collector:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Donor Name:
Henry Meiggs  Search this
Culture:
Prehistoric  Search this
Object Type:
Bag
Place:
Tarapaca, Chile, South America
Accession Date:
1872
Collection Date:
1871
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
002130
USNM Number:
A11066-0
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/339a0d7d2-ce18-4e43-a0fb-6d9dda0f5206
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8005596
Online Media:

Cut bear tooth

Donor Name:
Bureau Of American Ethnology  Search this
Object Type:
Tooth
Place:
Woodstock, Shenandoah County, Virginia, United States, North America
Accession Date:
1891
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
024709
USNM Number:
A169850-0
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/31df8c965-7a2c-4de6-ab5f-39b7022608ef
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8031896

Knife

Collector:
Dr. J. Walter Fewkes  Search this
Donor Name:
Bureau Of American Ethnology  Search this
Object Type:
Knife
Place:
Woodruff Butte, Navajo County, Arizona, United States, North America
Accession Date:
30 Jul 1897
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
032434
USNM Number:
A177896-0
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3ce11889e-adc0-430a-9e53-43ff43b3152f
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8038279

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