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Fire Making Tools

Collector:: James G. Swan Search this

Donor Name:: James G. Swan Search this

Length - "Length Of Parts":: 46 cm

Culture:: Bella Bella (Heiltsuk) Search this

Object Type:: Fire Set

Place:: British Columbia, Canada, North America

Accession Date:: 1876

Topic:: Ethnology Search this

Accession Number:: 004686

USNM Number:: E20644-0

See more items in:: Anthropology

Data Source:: NMNH - Anthropology Dept.

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3a3b66cc7-c8e3-4c5d-84a5-53833499ffd0

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8357938

Online Media:

Figural group

Culture/People:: probably Purepecha (Tarasco) (attributed) Search this

Artist/Maker:: Antonia Martinez Albarez Calleno, Purepecha (Tarasco) Search this

Collector:: Dr. Flora Edouwaye S. Kaplan, Non-Indian Search this

Previous owner:: Dr. Flora Edouwaye S. Kaplan, Non-Indian Search this

Donor:: Dr. Flora Edouwaye S. Kaplan, Non-Indian Search this

Object Name:: Figural group

Media/Materials:: Pottery, paint, glaze

Techniques:: Modeled, painted, glazed

Dimensions:: 24.0 x 16.0 x 32.5 cm

Object Type:: Sculpture/Carving/Figures

Place:: Ocumicho (San Pedro Ocumicho); Tangancícuaro Municipality; Michoacán State; Mexico (inferred)

Date created:: 1971

Catalog Number:: 26/6978

Barcode:: 266978.000

See related items:: Purepecha (Tarasco); Sculpture/Carving/Figures

Data Source:: National Museum of the American Indian

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws6d6550b7a-751d-4fb9-9606-88b23ff7a004

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:NMAI_393978

Online Media:

Frederick Douglass Patterson papers

Creator:: Patterson, Frederick D. (Frederick Douglass), 1901-1988 Search this

Names:: Phelps-Stokes Fund Search this; Tuskegee Institute Search this; United Negro College Fund Search this; Carver, George Washington, 1864?-1943 Search this; Moton, Robert Russa, 1867-1940 Search this; Patterson, Frederick D. (Frederick Douglass), 1901-1988 Search this

Extent:: 18.66 Linear feet (21 boxes)

Type:: Collection descriptions; Archival materials; Diplomas; Notebooks; Articles; Manuscripts; Photographic prints; Ephemera; Scrapbooks; Newsletters; Awards; Photographs; Invitations; Legal documents; Programs; Correspondence; Clippings

Date:: 1882 - 1988

Summary:: President of Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute (later Tukegee Institute; now Tuskegee University) from 1935 - 1953 and founder of the United Negro College Fund (1944). Patterson was born on October 10, 1901. Orphaned at age two, he was raised by his eldest sister, Wilhelmina (Bess), a school teacher in Texas. He studied at Iowa State College, where he received a doctorate in veterinary medicine in 1923 and a master of science degree in 1927. Five years later, he was awarded a second doctorate degree from Cornell University. Patterson taught veterinary science for four years at Virginia State College, where he was also Director of Agriculture. His tenure at Tuskegee University started in 1928 and spanned almost 25 years, first as head of the veterinary division, then as the director of the School of Agriculture and finally as Tuskegee's third president. He married Catherine Elizabeth Moton, daughter of Tuskegee University's second president, Dr. Robert R. Moton. Patterson also founded the School of Veterinary Medicine at Tuskegee in 1944, the same year he founded the United Negro College Fund (UNCF). The UNCF continues today as a critical source of annual income for a consortium of Historically Black Colleges and Universities, Tuskegee University among them.

Scope and Content note:: The Frederick Douglass Patterson Collection comprises 18.66 linear feet of correspondence, manuscripts, research material, published writings, photographs, audiovisual material, scrapbooks, diplomas, awards, and other materials chronicling the personal life and professional career of Frederick D. Patterson.

The collection is comprised of glimpses into the life of Dr. Patterson. The little correspondece that survived is located in Series 2: Career, Series 3: Correspondence, and Series 4: Organizations. Some of the correspondence takes the form of congratulatory notes from 1953 during Patterson's transfer from Tuskegee Institute to the Phelps-Stokes Fund, located in Series 2. There is also a personal note sent to Patterson's wife, Catherine Patterson, from George Washington Carver in which he describes peanut oil as a good massage oil.

Arrangement note:: The collection is arranged by series and chronologically therein:

1. Biography: This series provides insight into Patterson's family life through primary documents. It is comprised of family wills, insurance policies, and his autobiography. Sub-series are arranged alphabetically by title.

2. Career: This series contains materials from Patterson's long professional career in the field of higher education, including his tenure as present of both the Tuskegee Institute and the Phelps-Stokes Fund. Sub-series are arranged chronologically.

3. Correspondence: This series contains letters sent to Patterson (and his wife) of a personal and professional nature. Several letters relate to Patterson's personal business "Signs and Services," which was a small billboard advertising company. There are also letters from George Washington Carver. The series is arranged chronologically. 4. Organizations: This series contains material from the various foundations Patterson founded and to which he belonged, including the R.R. Moton Fund and the College Endowment Funding Plan. He is especially noted for developing the United Negro College Fund. The series is organized alphabetically by sub-series title.

5. Honors: This series contains the awards, citations, and resolutions Patterson received during his lifetime. Folders are organized chronologically. 6. Subject Files: This series comprises articles, employee vitas, and other documents collected and organized by Patterson. Among the subjects in the files are higher education, Negroes, segregation, civil rights, and employee records. There is no key to this system.

7. Photographs: The Photograph series mostly documents Patterson's tenure at Tuskegee University. The series includes images of Patterson and various other notable figures during formal functions at the university. Noteworthy personalities include George Washington Carver, Eleanor and Franklin D. Roosevelt, and President Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana.

8. Printed Materials: This series contains books, programs, and other documents from Patterson's personal collection. The series is organized alphabetically by author's last name.

Biographical note:: Frederick Douglass Patterson was born on October 10, 1901 to parents William and Mamie Brooks Patterson, in the Buena Vista Heights area of Anacostia in Washington, D.C. The youngest of six children, Patterson's parents died of tuberculosis before he reached the age of two years, his mother when he was eleven months old and his father a year later. Following his parents' death, the Patterson children were split up and sent to live in the homes of family and friends as stipulated in his father's last will and testament until he was seven years old, Patterson lived in the Anacostia area with a family friend he called "Aunt Julia."

When he was seven years old, Patterson's older sister Bess (a recent graduate of the Washington Conservatory of Music) decided to seek employment in Texas and took him with her. Many of their parents' family still lived in the state, which allowed Patterson the opportunity to spend months with various aunts and uncles, while his sister taught music throughout the South. After completing eighth grade, Patterson joined his sister at the Prairie View Normal School, where she taught music and directed the choir. Patterson attended the school for four years, during which time he developed an interest in veterinary medicine.

In 1920, Patterson enrolled at Iowa State College as a veterinary student. He graduated in 1923 and moved to Columbus, Ohio, to join his brother John. While there, he took the Ohio State Board exam for Veterinary Medicine. Although he became certified, a lack of money prevented him from practicing. Four years later he received a teaching offer from Virginia State College (VSC) in Petersburg, Virginia, which afforded him the opportunity to work within his profession. While at VSC Patterson took a leave of absence and returned to Iowa, in 1926, to pursue a Master's degree in veterinary medicine.

After five years at VSC, the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute offered Patterson a position running the veterinarian hospital and teaching veterinary science. He moved to Tuskegee, Alabama in 1928. While at Tuskegee, Patterson decided to pursue a Ph.D. in bacteriology at Cornell University. During his year and a half leave from Tuskegee, Patterson completed his coursework and wrote his dissertation. After he returned to Tuskegee, a serial killer murdered three people, including the head of the Department of Agriculture. Confronted with this tragedy, school officials quickly offered Patterson the vacant position, which he accepted in 1934.

Robert R. Moton, second president of Tuskegee, retired in 1935 and a search was soon commenced to find the next president for the school. Patterson, in the meantime, pursued more personal matters when he met and married Catherine Moton (with whom he would have a son) in June 1935. By then he was already hired to take his now, father-in-law's, position as President of Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute.

As president of Tuskegee, Patterson made several changes and many additions to the institution. He increased faculty housing for professors; integrated the Board of Trustees' meeting meals and eventually arranged for both balck and white members to eat at one table; shortened the name to Tuskegee Institute; and established the Department of Commercial Dietetics in 1935, the veterinary medicine program in 1942, and the engineering program in 1948. While many considered Patterson's changes important achievements, it was his development of the Commercial/Military Aviation Program that would bring the school distinction and fame.

Patterson first attempted to develop the aviation program in 1939. The government fostered the development of such programs by subsiding the expenses. All a university had to do was present able-bodied instructors and willing pupils. Tuskegee had both. By 1940 the United States Air Force was interested in integrating its forces. In order to do this they needed trained black pilots. Tuskegee was the perfect place to provide the needed pilots since the school was situated in an all-black environment where students could concentrate on learning to fly without having to worry about racist reactions from their fellow classmates. To accommodate this program, the Tuskegee Army Air Base was created. Tuskegee pilots flew missions throughout World War II and would later be recognized for their bravery.

An important part of Patterson's duties as president was fund-raising. By 1943 he found it increasingly difficult to find ample sources of funds to run the Institute. He came to realize Tuskegee and similar black colleges would benefit if they pooled their funding resources and asked for larger amounts of money from philanthropic individuals and organizations as a collective. Working together would cut fund-raising expenses; this in turn would leave more money for the colleges to use as they wished. Patterson named his new creation the United Negro College Fund (UNCF); it would go on to raise millions of dollars for the nation's historically black colleges. He served as the first president of the organization.

During the fifteen years Patterson served as president of Tuskegee, he hosted many famous personalities, including W.E.B. DuBois, Mary McLeod Bethune, Eleanor Roosevelt, Duke Ellington, Paul Robeson, Pearl Buck, and Andre Segovia. He developed a lasting relationship with George Washington Carver, who had been a professor with Tuskegee since the days of Booker T. Washington.

Patterson served on many organizational boards in addition to his educational work. His involvement with the Phelps-Stokes Fund would ultimately lead Patterson to leave his beloved Tuskegee Institute to apply his educational philosophies on a broader scale. In 1953 the Fund approached Patterson and offered him the presidency of the organization. Patterson, feeling he needed a change, accepted the offer. He resigned from Tuskegee that same year and moved to New York to begin a new life.

Organized in 1911, the Phelps-Stokes Fund supported African, African American, and Native American education and worked on solving housing problems in New York City. Patterson's interest in African education began before he joined Phelps-Stokes. In 1950 the World Bank/International Bank Commission to Nigeria hired him to "evaluate the resources of Nigeria and…to study the educational programs and the organizational structure of advanced education." Through his work with the Fund he continued his efforts to improve the educational opportunities for Africans and help them move beyond colonialism. Patterson traveled extensively throughout the west coast of Africa in support of these goals.

In addition to forming the UNCF, Patterson created two other organizations (the Robert R. Moton Institute and the College Endowment Funding Plan), during the mid 1960s and 1970s. Each was designed to improve funding efforts for historically black colleges. The Robert R. Moton institute began as an off-shoot of the Phelps-Stokes as a site for conferences to address the Fund's primary concerns. Patterson's idea for the Institute came from a desire to put to use a piece of property inherited after Moton's death. Empathy with the frustrations of college presidents regarding the restricted funding for institutional expenses led Patterson to create the College Endowment Funding Plan. The Endowment was designed to alleviate this situation by providing matching funds to eligible colleges. The Endowment made its first payment in 1978. Unfortunately, by the 1980s, the Moton Institute lost most of its government funding due to federal cutbacks. This resulted in reductions to the Institute's programming.

It was not until Patterson was well into his eighties that he began to retire from his life of public service. On June 23, 1987, President Ronald Reagan presented Dr. Patterson with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest possible honor that can be bestowed upon a civilian, for his service in higher education and his role in creating funding sources for the nation's historically black colleges. A year later Frederick Douglass Patterson died at the age of eighty-seven.

Honorary Degrees

undated -- Xavier University

1941 -- Virginia State College

1941 -- Wilberforce University

1953 -- Morehouse College

1956 -- Tuskegee Institute

1961 -- New York University

1966 -- Edward Waters College

1967 -- Atlanta University

1969 -- Franklin and Marshall College

1970 -- Virginia Union University

1975 -- Bishop College

1977 -- St. Augustine's College

1982 -- Brooklyn College of the City University of New York

1984 -- Stillman College

1985 -- Payne College

Distinctions

undated -- Association for the Study of Negro Life and History Carter

undated -- The Southern Education Foundation, Inc. Distinguished Service Citation

undated -- The United Negro College Fund (UNCF) and Texas Association of Developing Colleges Annual Leadership Awards

1950 -- Christian Education department, African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church, Inc. Citation for Distinguished Service

1953 -- Bethune-Cookman College, the Mary McLeod Bethune Medallion

1953 -- John A. Andrew Clinical Society at Tuskegee Institute, Citation for Distinguished Service in the Cause of Humanity

1953 -- Tuskegee Institute, Certificate of Appreciation for 25 Years of Service

1957 -- Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Inc. Beta Lamda Sigma Chapter, Bigger and Better Business Award

1960 -- National Alumni Council of the UNCF, Inc. Award

1963 -- National Business League, Booker T. Washington Award

1965 -- Booker T. Washington Business Association, Certificate of Acknowledgement

1970 -- Moton Conference Center Award

1970 -- Tuskegee National Alumni Association, R.R. Moton Award

1972 -- American College Public Relations Association, 1972 Award for Distinguished Service to Higher Education

1972 -- UNCF F.D. Patterson 71st Birthday Award

1975 -- National Business League, Booker T. Washington Symbol of Service Award

1976 -- Phelps-Stokes Fund, Continuous Creative and Courageous Leadership in the Cause of Higher Education for Blacks

1977 -- Yale Alumni Associates of Afro-America, Distinguished Service Award

1979 -- Alpha Phi Alpha Education Foundation Inc., Distinguished Educator Award

1979 -- Tuskegee Institute Alumni Association Philadelphia Charter Award

1980 -- The Iowa State University Alumni Association, Distinguished Achievement Citation

1980 -- Gary Branch NAACP Life Membership Fight for Freedom Dinner 1980, Roy Wilkins Award

1980 -- State of Alabama Certificate of Appreciation

1982 -- St. Luke's United Methodist Church Achievement Award

1983 -- Tuskegee Airmen, Inc., Distinguished Service Award

1984 -- Booker T. Washington Foundation, Booker T. Washington Distinguished Service Award

1984 -- The Ohio State University Office of Minority Affairs, Distinguished Humanitarian and Service Award

1985 -- Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc, Eta Zeta Lamda Chapter Civic Award

1985 -- United States, Private Sector Initiative Commendation

1987 -- Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc of New York State, Founders Day Award

1987 -- Presidential Medal of Freedom

1987 -- Brag Business Achievement Award

1987 -- Phelps-Stokes Fund, Aggrey Medal

Public Service

1941-1971 -- Southern Educational Foundation, Inc., Board Member

1943-1988 -- United Negro College Fund, Founder, President, and Member

1960s-1988 -- Robert R. Moton Memorial Institute, Founder

1970s-1988 -- The College Endowment Funding Plan, Founder

undated -- American National Red Cross, Board of Governors Member

undated -- Boys Scouts of America, National Council Member

undated -- Citizens Committee for the Hoover Report on Reorganization of Federal Government, Board Member

undated -- Institute of International Education, Advisory committee Member

undated -- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Life Member

undated -- National Business League, President and Board Member

undated -- National Urban League, National Committee Member

undated -- Phelps-Stokes Fund, Board of Trustees Member

undated -- President's Commission on Higher Education for Negroes

undated -- Southern Regional Education, Board of Control Member

Related Materials:: Additional biographical materials in the Dale/Patterson Collection of the Anacostia Community Museum Archives.

This collection contains artifacts catalogued in the ACM Objects Collection.

Provenance:: The Frederick Douglass Patterson papers were donated to the Anacostia Community Museum in 2001 by Frederick Douglass Patterson, Jr.

Restrictions:: Use of the materials requires an appointment. Please contact the archivist to make an appointment: ACMarchives@si.edu.

Rights:: The Frederick Douglass Patterson papers are the physical property of the Anacostia Community Museum. Literary and copyright belong to the author/creator or their legal heirs and assigns. Rights to work produced during the normal course of Museum business resides with the Anacostia Community Museum. For further information, and to obtain permission to publish or reproduce, contact the Museum Archives.

Topic:: Universities and colleges -- Administration Search this; African Americans -- Education (Higher) Search this; African American universities and colleges Search this

Genre/Form:: Diplomas; Notebooks; Articles; Manuscripts; Photographic prints; Ephemera; Scrapbooks; Newsletters; Awards; Photographs; Invitations; Legal documents; Programs; Correspondence; Clippings

Citation:: Frederick Douglass Patterson papers, Anacostia Community Museum Archives, Smithsonian Institution, gift of Frederick Douglass Patterson, Jr.

Identifier:: ACMA.06-010

See more items in:: Frederick Douglass Patterson papers

Archival Repository:: Anacostia Community Museum Archives

GUID:: https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/qa7da84300b-c608-41af-b59a-1f44dce53a26

EDAN-URL:: ead_collection:sova-acma-06-010

Online Media:

Fragment of a dish with finely painted elephant

Medium:: Porcelain with cobalt pigment under clear glaze

Style:: Jingdezhen ware

Type:: Vessel

Origin:: Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, China

Date:: early 17th century

Period:: Ming dynasty

Topic:: ceramic Search this; Jingdezhen ware Search this; elephant Search this; Ming dynasty (1368 - 1644) Search this; China Search this; porcelain Search this; Chinese Art Search this

Accession Number:: FSC-P-56

Restrictions & Rights:: Usage conditions apply

Related Online Resources:: Google Cultural Institute

See more items in:: Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Collection

Data Source:: Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ye3603d3ac0-d70a-438f-8f75-ade2c145d4bb

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:fsg_FSC-P-56

David Rittenhouse Tall Case Clock

Maker:: Rittenhouse, David Search this

Physical Description:: wood (overall material); brass (overall material); steel (overall material)

Measurements:: overall: 96 in x 19 in x 10 in; 243.84 cm x 48.26 cm x 25.4 cm

Object Name:: tall clock, Rittenhouse; tall case clock, rittenhouse; clock

Place Made:: United States: Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Date made:: ca 1770

Credit Line:: Gift of New York University

ID Number:: 1984.0416.007

Catalog number:: 1984.0416.007

Accession number:: 1984.0416

See more items in:: Work and Industry: Mechanisms; Domestic Furnishings

Data Source:: National Museum of American History

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b3-78bf-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:nmah_1063413

Online Media:

clock case

Maker:: Cope, Jacob Search this

Measurements:: overall: 93 1/4 in x 21 in x 11 in; 236.855 cm x 53.34 cm x 27.94 cm

Object Name:: clock case

Credit Line:: New York University

ID Number:: 1984.0416.084

Accession number:: 1984.0416

Catalog number:: 1984.0416.084

See more items in:: Work and Industry: Mechanisms

Data Source:: National Museum of American History

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a6-7595-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:nmah_834235

Book: Art Since 1945

Artist:: Patrick Ireland, Irish, b. Ballaghaderreen, 1934–2022 Search this

Medium:: Acrylic and presstype on carved wood

Dimensions:: 2 x 8 1/4 x 10 7/8 in. (5.3 x 21 x 27.5 cm)

Type:: Sculpture

Date:: (1975)

Credit Line:: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, Gift of Mrs. Olga Hirshhorn, 1984

Accession Number:: 84.30

See more items in:: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Collection

Data Source:: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/py2a7e28509-942e-4362-b07f-500f563930d6

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:hmsg_84.30

Bishops Cross

Artist:: Patrick Ireland, Irish, b. Ballaghaderreen, 1934–2022 Search this

Medium:: Plexiglass, glass, compressed paperboard, metal, wood, and felt

Dimensions:: 4 1/16 x 16 7/16 x 16 1/2 in. (10.3 x 41.8 x 41.8 cm)

Type:: Sculpture

Date:: (1966)

Credit Line:: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, The Joseph H. Hirshhorn Bequest, 1981

Accession Number:: 86.3454

See more items in:: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Collection

Data Source:: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/py261685334-c1fc-464f-b9be-d501f6e81784

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:hmsg_86.3454

In the Dig House: Behind the Scenes in Archaeology

Creator:: Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Search this

Type:: YouTube Videos

Uploaded:: 2015-06-30T11:23:27.000Z

YouTube Category:: Film & Animation Search this

Topic:: Art, Asian Search this

See more by:: FreerSackler

Data Source:: Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery

YouTube Channel:: FreerSackler

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:yt_MwzlBbhYYk0

Making American Music - A-Tisket, A-Tasket

Creator:: National Museum of American History Search this

Type:: YouTube Videos

Uploaded:: 2018-08-10T17:31:29.000Z

YouTube Category:: Education Search this

Topic:: American History Search this

See more by:: SmithsonianAmHistory

Data Source:: National Museum of American History

YouTube Channel:: SmithsonianAmHistory

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:yt_vl7GOdEkmuE

A Banjo Clock

Maker:: Willard, Aaron Search this

Physical Description:: wood (overall material)

Measurements:: overall: 40 1/2 in x 10 1/2 in x 4 in; 102.87 cm x 26.67 cm x 10.16 cm; overall: 40 1/4 in x 10 1/2 in x 4 in; 102.235 cm x 26.67 cm x 10.16 cm; weight: 7 in x 2 1/2 in x 1 3/4 in; 17.78 cm x 6.35 cm x 4.445 cm