This collection consists of photographic views made by William Stiles in New York, Rhode Island, Florida, Mississippi, South Carolina, Newfoundland and Quebec, among the Attikamekw (Tete De Boule Cree), Eastern Band of Cherokee, Innu, Miccosukee Seminole (Mikasuki), Mohawk [Kahnawake (Caughnawaga)], Mushuaunnuat (Barren Ground Naskapi) [Utshimassit (Davis Inlet)], Narragansett, Niantic, Onondaga, Seminole, and Seneca communities. These were made while Stiles was a staff member of the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation from 1938-1974.
Scope and Contents:
The Stiles collection consists of photographs and films made by William Stiles on behalf of the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation from 1938 to 1974. More than half of these document the life of Innu peoples of Quebec, Canada, in the years 1952, 1958, 1959, and 1964. They depict Innu men, women, and children, and food preparation, dwellings, fishing, canoes, settlements, the preparation of animal skins, and ceremonials. Stiles photographed among the Seminole and Miccosukee peoples of Florida in 1939, 1940, 1941, 1966, and 1974. He also variously photographed the Narragansett and Niantic peoples of Rhode Island, the Onondaga on the Onondaga Reservation, the Eastern Band of Cherokee in North Carolina, the Seneca of New York, the Attikamekw (Tete De Boule Cree) and the Mohawk of Quebec, and the Mushuaunnuat of Labrador. He also photographed various archaeological sites in New York State, Mississippi, and South Carolina. There are also two 8mm film reels titled "Nascapi Indians at Davis Inlet, Labrador, New Foundland" that were made in the summer of 1965.
This collection has been intelectually arranged into four series and subseries geographically and then chronologically within each subseries.
Series 1: Expedtions in New York, 1938-1973; Series 2: Expeditions in Canada, 1940-1965; Series 3: Expeditions in the Southeastern, United States, 1939-1974; Series 4: Nebraska, Rhode Island and Other Locations, 1939-1942, undated.
Physically arranged by negative "N", print "P" or slide "S" number.
Biographical/Historical note:
Before joining the staff of the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation in May 1938, William F. Stiles was George G. Heye's personal driver. An employee of the Museum for almost forty years, Stiles retired in March 1978 as the Curator of Collections. Although Stiles published very little, he was an active field collector and participated in numerous archaeological expeditions. As is evident from his photographs of the Innu and Seminole peoples, he often visited individual communities more than once and over the course of several years.
Stiles Expeditions for the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation
1938 Summer -- Cayuga County Expedition.
1939 October -- Expedition to Pennsylvania and New York.
1939 November – 1940 January -- F. K. Seward and William F. Stiles Florida Expedition.
1941 -- Trip to North Carolina and Florida.
1942 -- Trip to Putnam County, New York.
1946 -- Expedition to Mississippi.
1952 June -- Expedition to Québec, Canada.
1953 June-July -- Expedition to Québec, Canada.
1957 July -- Expedition along St. Lawrence River, Canada.
1959 August -- Expedition to Québec, Canada.
1960-1967 -- William F. Stiles Southeast Expedition. Stiles began expeditions to the Southeastern U.S. in Spring and Fall of 1960. He returned to the Southeast each Oct - Nov. through 1966 conducting investigations and excavations in South Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, and North Carolina and Florida returning to some sites multiple times.
1961-1965 -- William F. Stiles Savannah Farms Expedition. Preliminary investigation began in Nov 1961 and work continued each year during the fall until 1965.
1964 May-June -- Expedition to Québec, Canada.
1965 June-July -- Stanley R. Grant Naskapi Expedition to Davis Inlet, Labrador, Canada.
1966 June-July -- Expedition to Labrador, Newfoundland, and Québec, Canada
1972 October -- Expedition to Seneca Reservations, New York.
1972 October-December -- Expedition to Tennessee.
1973 April -- Expedition to Seneca Reservations, New York.
1974 November -- Expedition to the Southeast: North Carolina and Florida.
Separated Materials:
Correspondence and field notes from William Stiles can be found in the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation records in Box 200.13, Box 201.7, Box 274.3-275.9, Box 305.1-305.2, Box 307.21, Box 312.11-312.17.
Restrictions:
Access is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment.
Excavations (Archaeology) -- Mississippi Search this
Indians of North America -- New York (State) Search this
Indians of North America -- Rhode Island Search this
Excavations (Archaeology) -- New York (State) Search this
Excavations (Archaeology) -- South Carolina Search this
Genre/Form:
Negatives
Photographic prints
Color slides
Photographs
Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); William F. Stiles collection of photographs and films, NMAI.AC.001.014, item #; National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Copy prints
Prints
Photographs
Place:
New Mexico -- Antiquities
Alaska
Mississippi
Pueblo Bonito Site (N.M.)
Date:
circa 1920-1936
Scope and Contents note:
Photographs depicting crews, camps, artifacts, and excavated areas from various archeological digs and anthropological expeditions. These include Neil Merton Judd's archeological excavations at Pueblo Bonito, Collins and Hermes Knoblock measuring Choctaw people in Mississippi, James Alfred Ford and Paul Silook at Miyowagh on St. Lawrence Island, and Ford at Cape Prince of Wales.
Biographical/Historical note:
Henry B. Collins (1899-1987) began his career in anthropology as an assistant on Neil M. Judd's 1922-1924 expeditions to Pueblo Bonito in New Mexico. In 1924, he became an aid in the United States National Museum Division of Ethnology and shortly afterwards was promoted to assistant curator. He received a Masters in Anthropology from the George Washington University in 1925 and was appointed associate curator in 1938. In 1939, Collins took a position as senior ethnologist with the Bureau of American Ethnology and became acting director in 1963. When the BAE and the Department of Anthropology were merged in 1965, Collins became a senior scientist in the new Smithsonian Office of Anthropology. He was appointed archeologist emeritus in 1967.
Collins' independent field work during the early part of his career focused on the American South, in which he conducted investigations relating to the Choctaw and to areas whose cultural history was little known. Collins is most recognized, however, for his efforts in Arctic archeology. Between 1927 and 1936, he and colleagues, including James A. Ford and T. Dale Stewart, focused on the Bering Sea area and the Arctic coasts of Alaska, including St. Lawrence Island, Nunivak Island, the Diomedes, Punuk Island, Bristol Bay, Norton Sound, Point Hope, Cape Prince of Wales, the Aleutians, and the interior of the Seward Peninsula.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 82-23
Location of Other Archival Materials:
The National Anthropological Archives holds Henry Bascom Collins's papers, as well as those of James Alfred Ford.
Additional photographs by Collins can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot 24, Photo Lot 28, Photo Lot 86-42, Photo Lot 86-43, and Photo Lot 86-59.
Additional papers by Collins can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4908, MS 4976, and MS 4977.
Additional photographs of Pueblo Bonito by O. C. Havens can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo lot 83-16.
Indians of North America -- Southern states Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 82-23, Henry Bascom Collins photograph collection relating to Pueblo Bonito, Mississippi Choctaws, and Alaska, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photographs and drawings mostly relating to archeological subjects, collected and arranged by Jesse Walter Fewkes for his reference. Subjects include burial mounds, excavations, drawn maps, as well as urns, implements, idols, pottery, and other artifacts found in excavations, and Hopi, Zuni, and Piegan ceremonies and dances. Many of the photographs and drawings were probably made by Fewkes. Publication information is noted on some. The collection also includes newspaper clippings and correspondence.
Photographs were taken in Alabama, Arizona (including Casa Grande, Elden Pueblo, Navajo National Monument, and Wupatki National Monument), Colorado (including Mesa Verde and Montezuma Valley), Florida (including Weeden Island), Illinois (Cahokia Mound), Louisiana, Maryland, Mexico (including La Huasteca Region), Mississippi Valley, New Mexico (including Chaco Canyon, Hawikuh, and Mimbres Valley), South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah (including Hill Canyon, McElmo Canyon, and McLean Basin Ruins), Hovenweep National Monument, the West Indies (including Puerto Rico, Santo Domingo, and Cuba), and West Virginia.
Biographical/Historical note:
Jesse Walter Fewkes (1850-1930) was a naturalist, anthropologist, and archeologist, and chief of the Bureau of American Ethnology from 1918 to his death in 1928. Fewkes received a Ph.D. in marine zoology from Harvard in 1877, and acted as curator of lower invertebrates at the Museum of Comparative Zoology until 1887. While on a collecting trip in the western United States, he developed an interest in the culture and history of the Pueblo Indians. In 1891, Fewkes became director of the Hemenway Southwestern Archeological Expedition and editor of the Journal of American Archeology and Ethnology, studying and recording Hopi ceremonials. In 1895, he embarked on various archeological explorations for the Bureau of American Ethnology, excavating ruins in the Southwest, the West Indies, and Florida. He was appointed chief of the Bureau in 1918, and played an important role in the creation of Hovenweep National Monument in Colorado and Wupatki National Monument in Arizona.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 4321
Location of Other Archival Materials:
The National Anthropological Archives also holds the Jesse Walter Fewkes Papers (MS 4408), his photographs of excavations in Mesa Verde (Photo Lot 30), his negatives (Photo Lot 86), and other manuscript collections by and related to Fewkes' ethnological research and archeology and his work with the Bureau of American Ethnology.
Correspondence from Fewkes held in the National Anthropological Archives in the George L. Beam papers (MS 4517), the Henry Bascom Collins, Jr. papers, the Anthropological Society of Washington records (MS 4821), the Herbert William Krieger papers, the J.C. Pilling papers, the Walter Hough Papers (in the records of the Department of Anthropology), and the records of the Bureau of American Ethnology.
The anthropology collections of the National Museum of Natural History hold artifacts collected by Fewkes, including USNM ACC 048761 (relating to Casa Grande excavations) and USNM ACC 050765 (relating to Mesa Verde excavations).
Restrictions:
Original nitrate negatives are in cold storage and require advanced notice for viewing.
Photo Lot 4321, Jesse Walter Fewkes photograph collection relating to archaeological subjects, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
From mountain peaks to alligator stomachs : a review of lithic sources in the Trans-Mississippi South, the southern plains, and adjacent Southwest / by Larry D. Banks
Moore, Clarence B. (Clarence Bloomfield), 1852-1936 Search this
Extent:
1 copy print
23 prints (silver gelatin (including some enlargements))
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Copy prints
Prints
Photographs
Place:
Ouachita River (Ark. and La.)
Date:
circa 1908-1909
Scope and Contents note:
Photographs made by Arthur W. Clime during Clarence B. Moore's expedition on the Ouachita River, which include images of excavations, archeological crew, mounds, and Moore's riverboat, the Gopher of Philadelphia. Individuals depicted in the photographs include Clime, as well as Clarence B. Moore, his principal assistant Milo Miller, and captain of the Gopher riverboat, Josiah S. Raybon. The collection also includes a copy print of a studio portrait of Clime, made at a later date than the other photographs.
Biographical/Historical note:
Clarence B. Moore (1852-1936) was a wealthy amateur archaeologist from Philadelphia. He excavated over 850 archeological sites (mostly burial mounds) on or near the shores of rivers of the American southeast between 1891 and 1918, which he accessed with his steam-powered paddleboat, the Gopher of Philadelphia. In November 1908, and from January-April 1909, Moore and his expedition party explored the Oachita Valley in northeastern Louisiana and southeastern Arkansas. He described this expedition in his report, "Antiquities of the Ouachita Valley," published in the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, volume 14.
Arthur W. Clime (1885-1962) worked as general assistant to Clarence Moore from 1906-1910, joining him for excavations on the Ouachita and Mississippi Rivers and ancient cemeteries of Arkansas and Mississippi. While working with Moore, Clime collected animal specimens and examples of modern stonework, which he donated to the Zoological Society of Philadelphia and the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Shortly after finishing his work with Moore, Arthur Clime moved to Washington, D.C. with his new wife, Louise B. Wollersheim. There, he worked as secretary and laboratory assistant for Alexander Graham Bell at his Volta Bureau, conducting research on deafness. In 1917, he began working for the Federal government, later becoming an inspector and then manager of public buildings and parks with the Public Buildings Service (part of the General Services Administration).
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 2000-78, NAA Photo Lot 98-41
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Photographs previously filed in Photo Lot 98-41 have been relocated and merged with Photo Lot 2000-78. These are enlargements of photographs were also made by Arthur Clime and form part of this collection.
A photograph in a frame, collected by Clime, held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 98-58.
Reports and photographs from Moore's expeditions held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 2400, Photo Lot 14, Photo Lot 40, Photo Lot 78, Photo Lot 81P, records of the Bureau of American Ethnology, and the Division of Archeology's Reference File.
Correspondence from Moore held in the National Anthropological Archives in the Ales Hrdlicka Papers, Army Medical Museum records concerning skeletal material transferred to the Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology records, and records relating to the investigation of the Bureau of American Ethnology.
The Department of Anthropology and the National Museum of the American Indian hold artifacts collected by Moore.
The Cornell University Library Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections holds the Clarence Bloomfield Moore collection of field notebooks and other material.
Photo Lot 2000-78, Arthur W. Clime photographs of Clarence B. Moore's Ouachita River expedition, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
