Bushnell, SMC, volume 87, number 3, 1932, page 8, states that the Dakota Indians sketched and painted by Eastman at Fort Snelling, Minnesota, 1841-1848, were Mdewakanton.
Local Numbers:
OPPS NEG.3705
Local Note:
Eastman made a pencil sketch and oil painting of this subject while at Fort Snelling (McDermott, page 60; oil painting has never been located). Eastman made a water color (completed by 1851) based on the sketch; this water color was made for the engraving in Schoolcraft's Indian Tribes of the United States (volume 2, plate 28).
This picture shows two figures bringing food to a scaffold burial. Mrs Mary H. Eastman, in the American Annual: Illustrative of the Early History of North America, in which this engraving is also reproduced, gives some details about the picture: The dead body is wrapped in a (scarlet) cloth. It is placed on a scaffold, from one corner of which hangs a medicine sack to keep off evil spirits and from another corner, a small kettle containing food for the dead. A woman offers more food in a bark dish. A man holds up a bottle from which he will offer a libation (of whiskey) to the departed spirit. The tent-shaped arrangement of sticks below the scaffold marks the grave of a person already removed from a scaffold (sticks used to keep the wolves off). page 110.
Biographical / Historical:
Bushnell, SMC, volume 87, number 3, 1932, page 8, states that the Dakota Indians sketched and painted by Eastman at Fort Snelling, Minnesota, 1841-1848, were Mdewakanton.
Date: 1851 is publication date of volume I of Schoolcraft's Indian Tribes of the United States in which this engraving appeared.
Local Numbers:
OPPS NEG.2860 VV 2
Local Note:
McDermott (page 60) cites an oil painting, "Feeding the Dead," which Eastman executed at Fort Snelling of Upper Mississippi River subjects. Engraving by R. Hinshelwood for Schoolcraft's Indian Tribes of the United States was probably based on Eastman's oil which he brought to Washington.
Bushnell, SMC, volume 87, number 3, 1932, page 8, states that the Dakota Indians sketched and painted by Eastman at Fort Snelling, Minnesota, 1841-1848, were Mdewakanton.
Local Numbers:
OPPS NEG.2860 ZZ 5 B
Local Note:
It is presumed that Eastman based this oil painting on earlier sketches of similar subjects (cf. 2860 ZZ 5 A). Also similar to engraving in Schoolcraft's Indian Tribes of the United States ("differs principally in that the man seated beside the tipi on the right, smoking, has been omitted," page 101, McDermott).
Eastman's list of pictures sent to the American Art Union describes the dance: (from McDermott, page 52) "After the Sioux return from the battle with the scalps they have taken the scalps are dressed, the inside rubbed over with blue clay or vermillion they are then stretched out to a hoop fixed to a pole it is then ready for the dance The scalp is fixed entirely by the Squaws. The medicine men beat time on skins stretched over a keg or made something like a tambourine at the same time singing a monotonous gutteral song. The squaws dance around the scalp in concentric circles. The scalps are carried on the shoulders of some squaws who have lost relatives in battle. After dancing five, ten or fifteen minutes they stop & one of the squaws will state to the assembly that her father, son, brother or husband was killed by a Chippeway [,] Soc or some tribe. She will conclude by saying-"Whose scalp have I got on my shoulder?" Then a grand war whoop is given [and] the dance recommences. The dance continues two or three months until it goes through every village of the tribe. After which the scalp is buried with a good deal of ceremony. Their richest dresses are worn in this dance."
Biographical / Historical:
Bushnell, SMC, volume 87, number 3, 1932, page 8, states that the Dakota Indians sketched and painted by Eastman at Fort Snelling, Minnesota, 1841-1848, were Mdewakanton.
Local Numbers:
OPPS NEG.3711 C
Local Note:
Eastman made a sketch and oil painting of this subject while at Fort Snelling (McDermott, page 52); the oil painting was sold and Eastman's water color made in 1850 for the engraving in Schoolcraft's Indian Tribes of the United States (Volume II, plate 12) was based on his sketch at Fort Snelling. (McDermott, page 52, 61, 85).
Bushnell, SMC, volume 87, number 3, 1932, page 8, states that the Dakota Indians sketched and painted by Eastman at Fort Snelling, Minnesota, 1841-1848, were Mdewakanton
Local Numbers:
OPPS NEG.2860 HH 2
Local Note:
Eastman made a water color of this subject based on the Fort Snelling pencil sketch about 1850 or 1851; this water color was made for the engraving in Schoolcraft's Indian Tribes of the United States (volume 2, plate 18); the water color has never been located (McDermott, page 86).
Portrait (Front) of Chetan Wakan Mani (The Sacred Hawk) or Tshe-Ton Wa-Ka-Wa Ma-Ni (The Hawk That Hunts Walking), Called Ta-O-Ya-Ta-Du-Ta (His People Are Red), Also Called Little Crow, Jr
Portrait (Front) of Chetan Wakan Mani (The Sacred Hawk) or Tshe-Ton Wa-Ka-Wa Ma-Ni (The Hawk That Hunts Walking), Called Ta-O-Ya-Ta-Du-Ta (His People Are Red), Also Called Little Crow, Jr
